Never Resting Microglia Physiological Roles In The Healthy Brain And Pathological Implications
DOWNLOAD
Download Never Resting Microglia Physiological Roles In The Healthy Brain And Pathological Implications PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Never Resting Microglia Physiological Roles In The Healthy Brain And Pathological Implications book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Never Resting Microglia Physiological Roles In The Healthy Brain And Pathological Implications
DOWNLOAD
Author : Amanda Sierra
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2015-02-11
Never Resting Microglia Physiological Roles In The Healthy Brain And Pathological Implications written by Amanda Sierra and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-11 with Microglia categories.
Microglia are largely known as the major orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response. As such, they have been traditionally studied in various contexts of disease, where their activation has been assumed to induce a wide range of detrimental effects. In the last few years, a series of discoveries have challenged the current view of microglia, showing their active and positive contribution to normal brain function. This Research Topic reviewed the novel physiological roles of microglia in the developing, mature and aging brain, under non-pathological conditions. In particular, this Research Topic discussed the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which microglia contribute to the formation, pruning and plasticity of synapses; the regulation of adult neurogenesis as well as hippocampal learning and memory; among other important roles. Because these novel findings defy our understanding of microglial function in health as much as in disease, this Research Topic also summarized the current view of microglial nomenclature, phenotypes, origin and differentiation, and contribution to various brain pathologies. Additionally, novel imaging approaches and molecular tools to study microglia in their non-activated state have been discussed. In conclusion, this Research Topic seeked to emphasize how the current research in neuroscience is challenged by never-resting microglia.
The Fractal Geometry Of The Brain
DOWNLOAD
Author : Antonio Di Ieva
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-03-12
The Fractal Geometry Of The Brain written by Antonio Di Ieva and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-12 with Science categories.
The new edition of the highly popular, The Fractal Geometry of the Brain, reviews the most intriguing applications of fractal analysis in neuroscience with a focus on current and future potential, limits, advantages, and disadvantages. It brings an understanding of fractals to clinicians and researchers even if they do not have a mathematical background, and it serves as a valuable tool for teaching the translational applications of computational fractal-based models to both students and scholars. As a consequence of the novel research developed at Professor Di Ieva's laboratory and other centers around the world, the second edition will explore the use of computational fractal-based analysis in many clinical disciplines and different fields of research, including neurology and neurosurgery, neuroanatomy and psychology, magnetoencephalography (MEG), eye-tracking devices (for the fractal computational characterization of “scanpaths”),deep learning in image analysis, radiomics for the characterization of brain MRIs, characterization of neuropsychological and psychiatric diseases and traits, signal complexity analysis in time series, and functional MRI, amongst others.
Neurobiological And Psychological Aspects Of Brain Recovery
DOWNLOAD
Author : Laura Petrosini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-06-06
Neurobiological And Psychological Aspects Of Brain Recovery written by Laura Petrosini and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-06 with Medical categories.
The importance of this unique book's approach lies in addressing the impact of neurobiological factors as well as psychological influences on brain recovery following injury. There is growing evidence that emotional, motivational, and cognitive factors along with personality traits play a crucial role in brain plasticity, resilience, and recovery. Topics include synaptic and neuronal plasticity, development of brain reserves, biological markers, environmental factors, emotional resilience, and personality traits. By combining the latest research on neural mechanisms and psychological resilience the authors present a book that will help lead to the development of better treatment strategies for functional recovery from brain damage. The new edition is fully updated throughout and contains completely new chapters on brain recovery in childhood, epigenetic aspects of brain recovery, and artificial intelligence techniques in traumatic brain injury research.
Wiring The Nervous System Mechanisms Of Axonal And Dendritic Remodelling In Health And Disease
DOWNLOAD
Author : Tracy S. Tran
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2024-01-31
Wiring The Nervous System Mechanisms Of Axonal And Dendritic Remodelling In Health And Disease written by Tracy S. Tran and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-31 with Science categories.
This book examines recent key findings on the mechanisms of axonal and dendritic remodeling in different model organisms. Each chapter is contributed by a panel of experts in their respective subfields of neurosciences, to provide and discuss the latest discoveries ranging from neuronal morphogenesis during development, experience-dependent structural plasticity, to neuronal degeneration, regeneration, and pathologies in neurological disorders. The process of neuronal remodeling, specifically their axons and dendrites, is essential for the proper wiring of the nervous system during early development and continues during postnatal ages to shape the pattern of synaptic connections throughout the life of the organism, including humans. Over recent years, substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control neuronal remodeling. In addition, there is accumulating evidence demonstrating how the nervous system could remodel in response to injury and in pathological conditions. Topics discussed in the book include: Axonal degeneration during development and in pathological or disease conditions Neuronal morphogenesis (axons and dendrites) Experience-dependent structural plasticity to synaptogenesis Dendrite degeneration and regeneration
The Functional Anatomy Of The Reticular Formation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Ugo Faraguna
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-10-04
The Functional Anatomy Of The Reticular Formation written by Ugo Faraguna and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-04 with categories.
The brainstem reticular formation is the archaic core of ascending and descending pathways connecting the brain with spinal cord. After the pioneer description of the activating role of the ascending reticular activating system by Moruzzi and Magoun in 1949, an increasing number of studies have contributed to disclose the multifaceted roles of this brain area. In fact, the brainstem reticular formation sub-serves a variety of brain activities such as the modulation of the sleep-waking cycle, the level of arousal and attention, the drive for novelty seeking behaviors and mood. Meanwhile, descending pathways play a key role in posture modulation, extrapyramidal movements, and autonomic functions such as breathing and blood pressure. Moreover, both descending and ascending fibers of the reticular formation are critical in gating the sensory inputs and play a critical role in pain modulation and gaze control. All these activities are impaired when a damage affects critical nuclei of the reticular formation. Remarkably, in neurodegenerative diseases involving reticular nuclei, the rich collaterals interconnecting reticular isodendritic neurons represent a gateway for disease spreading placing the role of the reticular nuclei as a pivot in a variety of brain disorders. The present Research Topic is an updated collection of recent studies, which contribute to define the systematic anatomy of the reticular formation, its physiological and pharmacological features, as well as its involvement in neurodegenerative disorders and neuroprotection.
Frontiers In Synaptic Plasticity Dendritic Spines Circuitries And Behavior
DOWNLOAD
Author : Alberto A. Rasia-Filho
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-09-22
Frontiers In Synaptic Plasticity Dendritic Spines Circuitries And Behavior written by Alberto A. Rasia-Filho and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-22 with Medicine (General) categories.
The term “synaptic plasticity” is a broad concept, which is studied with a variety of experimental approaches. One focus is the impact of changes in synaptic, neuronal and glial morphology on brain circuitry and behavior. In this regard, unique animal models have been key to the study of affective and social behaviors and neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, there is a paucity of compilations directed toward the correlation of alterations in synaptic structure with various physiological and behavioral paradigms. This Frontiers Research Topic will, therefore, serve as an exciting forum for the exchange of novel hypotheses and data and an important resource and reference for investigators studying synaptic and brain plasticity, as well as those in related fields.
Glial Plasticity In Depression
DOWNLOAD
Author : João F. Oliveira
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-10-24
Glial Plasticity In Depression written by João F. Oliveira and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-24 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.
Major depression is a highly prevalent disorder that poses a significant social burden in society nowadays. The pathophysiology of this disease is still poorly understood but growing evidence suggests that impaired neuron and glial plasticity may be a key underlying mechanism for the precipitation of the disorder. One of the most surprising findings in this field was the involvement of glial cells in the pathophysiology of major depression and in the action of antidepressants, namely in mechanisms related with adult neurogenesis imbalances or dendritic arborization impairments. In particular, several works refer to alterations in the morphology and numbers of astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes in the context of depression in human patients or animal models of depression. These observations were linked to functional evidences and suggested to underlie the pathophysiology of depression. Among others, these include impairments in the cross-talk between glia and neurons, changes in the level of neurotransmitter or immunoactive substances, myelination status, synapse formation, maintenance, or elimination. In addition to the implication of glia in the pathophysiology of depression, a number of studies is ascribing glia pathways to classically accepted antidepressant mechanisms. Therefore, it is noteworthy to elucidate the role of glia in the effect provided by antidepressant treatment in order to better understand secondary effects and elucidate alternative targets for treatment.
Synaptic Loss And Neurodegeneration
DOWNLOAD
Author : Marie-Ève Tremblay
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-06-16
Synaptic Loss And Neurodegeneration written by Marie-Ève Tremblay and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-16 with Science categories.
New Insights Into Schizophrenia Related Neural And Behavioral Phenotypes
DOWNLOAD
Author : Yuh-Man Sun
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-06-01
New Insights Into Schizophrenia Related Neural And Behavioral Phenotypes written by Yuh-Man Sun and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-01 with Science categories.
The Major Discoveries Of Cajal And His Disciples Consolidated Milestones For The Neuroscience Of The Xxist Century
DOWNLOAD
Author : Fernando de Castro
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-04-25
The Major Discoveries Of Cajal And His Disciples Consolidated Milestones For The Neuroscience Of The Xxist Century written by Fernando de Castro and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-25 with categories.
When Santiago Ramón y Cajal started to unravel the fine structure of the nervous system in the last decades of the XIXth century maybe only his unbeatable soul of brave Spaniard imagined that most of the descriptions were scientific truths that lasted to date. Simple histological stainings, curiosity to ameliorate these, monocular microscopes, patience for drawing his observations and a rich imaginative open mind: this is the recipy for Cajal success. His descriptions of connectivity in the nervous system, compiled in Cajal's opus magna published in 1904 ("Textura del sistema nervioso del hombre y los vertebrados") and 1911 ("Histologie du systeme nerveux"), have been corroborated by modern techniques decade after decade. Even more, the main hypothesis that Cajal raised are universally recognised as biological laws, today: the neuron theory, the law on the dynamic polarization of the neuron and the chemotropic hypothesis. That is: the nervous system is not a sincitial network but is formed by individual cells; the transmission of the nerve impulses follow a main direction within a given neuron; the axons are guided by chemical substances in a chemotropic way, till form synapses with their targets. Attracted by Cajal's strong personality and scientific success, a number of medical students and doctors join him in the crusade to explore the nervous system. And the seed planted by the universal savant was really successful: Francisco Tello described interesting aspects of the regeneration of peripheral nerves which are very useful for neuroscientist currently working in this topic; Nicolás Achúcarro significantly contributed to study neuroglia and future microglia; Pío del Río-Hortega identified two out of the four main nervous cell types, the oligodendrocytes and microglia, and proposed an almost still valid classification for the CNS tumours; Fernando de Castro made was the first description of arterial chemoreceptors in the carotid body; Rafael Lorente de Nó was a dominant figure of Neuroscience for decades after the IInd World War, first describing the columnar organization of the cerebral cortex well before Mountcastle, Hubbel and Wiesel. Even less recognised co-workers and disciples of Cajal (his brother Pedro Ramón y Cajal, Domingo Sánchez, the neurologist Rodríguez-Lafora... protagonised discoveries that are consolidated scientific truths today). Altogether, it is difficult (if not impossible) to find a school in biology contributing in such a fundamental and variated way to the common acervo like the collectively known as Cajal School or Spanish Neurological School. Although the particular way to work of the Maestro, selecting a pleiade of brilliant collaborators with whom accomplish such a titanic feat, giving them freedom for their studies, has been recognised and confronted to antagonic systems followed by other relevant scientists and scientific schools, the general recognition of such a significant major milestones for Neuroscience and their vigency in the well-marched XXIst century is not: this is the purpose of this Ebook, to remind all these examples of how successful can be the scientific work when it is minutious, constant and performed by brilliant, imaginative and skilled scientists with a minimal conditions supporting their efforts.