Indian Culture Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Indian Culture Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Indian Culture Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Meaning and concepts of Culture: encompassing Traditional and Modern concepts, alongside Notions of Culture in textual tradition, and anthropological, archaeological, and sociological understanding of the term culture. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 2. Elements of Culture, the concept of Indianness, the value system, and the fundamental relation between culture and civilization. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 3. Historiography and approaches to the study of Indian Culture: including Stereotypes, Objectivity and Bias, and Imperialist, Nationalist, Marxist, and Subaltern perspectives; also covering the Heritage of India and the world’s debt to Indian Culture. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 4. Archaeological Sources for the Study of Indian Culture: cultural remains, Monuments, Numismatics, and Epigraphy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 5. Literary sources and Oral traditions; Foreign Accounts; and Archival sources as means for the Study of Indian Culture. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 6. Pre-historic Stone age cultures, detailing palaeolithic, mesolithic, and neolithic periods, and Protohistoric cultures, including the chalcolithic horizon. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 7. Harappan Culture: addressing current debates on nomenclature and scripts, and detailing Town planning and architecture, art, social, religious, and economic life. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 8. The evolution of India’s main language families. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 9. Early Vedic and later Vedic ideas and institutions: covering social, religious, economic, political, and scientific aspects. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 10. Post Vedic developments: including Religious Movements, the emergence of states, Shramana traditions (Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivikas, and other sects), and the Education system and centres like Taxila and Kashi. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 11. Mauryan and Post-Mauryan Ideas and Institutions: examining Social, Religious, Economic, and Political structures; Ashoka’s Dhamma; and Scripts like Brahmi and Kharosthi. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 12. The Impact of Foreign Invasions on India; and the development of Art and Architecture during the Mauryan and Post-Mauryan periods. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 13. Literature of the Mauryan and Post-Mauryan period: featuring Arthasashtra, Manusmriti, Natyashastra, Panchatantra, Buddhacharit, and Saundarananda; alongside Scientific Achievements of Nagarjuna, Sushruta, and Charaka. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 14. The Education System and Centres during Mauryan and Post-Mauryan times; the Sangam Age, focusing on its Society and Culture; and India's Contacts with the outside world. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 15. Gupta and Post-Gupta Ideas and Institutions: exploring social, religious, philosophical, economic, and political dimensions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 16. Scientific Achievements (Mathematics, Astronomy, Metallurgy) and Art and Architecture (evolution of Temples, Paintings of Ajanta and Bagh) during the Gupta and Post-Gupta period. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 17. Literature of the Gupta and Post-Gupta era: Kalidasa, Banabhatta, Bharavi, Magha, Bhavabhuti, Dandi; Canonical Texts such as Vishnu Dharmottara Purana; the Education system and centres like Nalanda and Valabhi; and Contacts with the outside world. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 18. Early Medieval Society: Legacies of Classical ideas, emergence of new trends, Proliferation of castes, outcastes, Vishti (forced labour), Slavery, and the Position of women; Polity characterized by feudalism; and Economy marked by de-urbanization and an agrarian system. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 19. Religion in the Early Medieval Period: Vedic-Puranic traditions, Shramana tradition, Tantra, Bhakti movements; Philosophical thoughts including Shaddarshana; notable Philosophers like Shankara and Ramanuja; and the Pilgrimmage tradition. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 20. Art and Architecture in Early Medieval India, featuring Nagara, Dravida, Bhumija, and Vesara styles; Education system and centres such as Vikramashila and Nalanda; and Scientific achievements in Mathematics and Astronomy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 21. Literature of the Early Medieval Period: Kalhana’s Rajatarangini and Al-Birunis’ Kitabul Hind; India's Contacts with Islam; and Canonical texts like Samaranganasutradhara, Manasara, Bhuvanapradeepa, and Sadhanamala. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 22. Delhi Sultanate - Ideas and Institutions: Political structures like Iqta and the impact of the new ruling class on society; Economic aspects including market reforms, growth of new urban centres, percolation of Islam in rural areas, resistance and acceptance, and the Extent of slavery. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 23. Religion in the Sultanate Period: Acharya traditions, the Bhakti tradition featuring Kabir and Ravidas, and the emergence of Sufism, particularly the Chishti and Suhrawardy orders. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 24. Art and Architecture during the Sultanate Period: emergence of the Sultanate school of architecture and paintings, regional styles, and various religious and secular structures; Literature encompassing Sanskrit, Persian, Regional languages, and the emergence of Hindawi (Amir Khusrau, Chandabardai); and the Education system. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 25. Vijay Nagar Empire: its Ideas and Institutions, particularly the political system of Nayankara; its Art and Architecture, Literature, and Educational institutions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 26. Mughal Ideas and Institutions: Polity aspects such as Mansab and Jagir, and Watan Jagir; Economic systems like Zamindari and Zabt; and Society, including the Aristocracy, emergence of middle classes, labourers, Slaves, and the Position of Women. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 27. Religion and Philosophy in the Mughal Period: the growth of Vaishnava Bhakti, Panthiesm, and Sufi traditions like Sulh-i kul and Naqshabandis; key religious figures including Gurunanaka, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Meerabai, Narayanabhatta, and Raghunandana. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 28. Literature during the Mughal Period: development in Sanskrit, Persian, and vernacular languages, featuring Tulasidasa, Suradasa, Abdur Rahim Khan-i-khanan, Abdul Fazl, Faizi, Badauni, and Banarasidas (Ardhakathanaka); and the Translation of religious texts by Akbar and Dara-Shukoh. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 29. Art and Architecture in the Mughal era: Emergence of Mughal Schools; Temples of Vrindavan such as Gobinda Deva and Keshava Das Temple; and Four Quarter Gardens; Education, including the introduction of new education curricullum from Akbar’s period onwards (Dars-inizami), and religious syncretism in coinage, miniatures, and structures. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 30. Science and Technology during the Mughal Period: Introduction of mechanical devices, pindrum gearing, and the astrolabe; Sawai Jai Singh’s observatories; and the Arrival of Europeans (Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, English, French) and their impact. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 31. Emergence of successor states and their cultural developments in the Modern Period: Awadh, Hyderabad, Mysore, Marathas, and Rajputana. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 32. The Impact of Western ideas and Indian responses: European studies of India, including the work of William Jones and the Asiatic Society, Fort William College, and the influence of Christian missionaries. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 33. The Emergence and Development of the New Education System during the Modern Period. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 34. The Indian Cultural Renaissance and Socio-Religious reform movements: focusing on Reformists such as the Brahama Samaja, Aligarh Movement, Ramakrishna Mission, and Theosophical Society. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 35. Revivalist movements like the Wahabi and Arya Samaj Movement; alongside Dalit Movements and Sikh reform movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 36. Administrative Measures undertaken in the Modern Period: specifically legislation concerning women, education, and social evils. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 37. Literature in the Modern Period: the emergence of Shahr Ashob as a genre. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 38. Prominent Urdu literary figures (Mirza Ghalib, Allama Iqbal) and Hindi literary figures (Bhartendu Harishchand, Prem Chand) of the Modern Period. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 39. Key Bengali literary figures (Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Rabindranath Tagore, Qazi Nazrul Islam) of the Modern Period. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture) Chpater 40. Science and Technology in the Modern Period: the emergence of modern science and technology. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Culture)

International And Area Studies Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

International And Area Studies Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. International and Area Studies: Major concepts, scope, and nature of International Relations and Area Studies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 2. Theories of IR and Area Studies: Realist, Liberal, Marxist, and Critical Theories of IR and Area Studies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 3. Approaches: Western and Non-Western; and Power Politics: Balance of Power, Geopolitics, Bipolarity, Unipolarity, Multipolarity and Polycentrism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 4. State and Non-State Actors in IR and Area Studies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 5. Emergence of nation states and nationalism; and the Pre-World War I International System. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 6. The Inter-War Period; and the Post-World War II Period (Cold War). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 7. Decolonisation, Global South and International Politics; and Post-Cold War International Relations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 8. Impact of Globalisation on the evolution of International Relations and Area Studies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 9. Changing Patterns of World Order: Unipolarity, Bipolarity, Multipolarity and Polycentrism; and the Role of Major Powers: US, Russia, China, Japan, India and EU. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 10. Globality, Globalism and Globalisation: Concepts and interconnections. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 11. Democratisation and the World Order. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 12. Science, Technology and Global Order. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 13. Concepts, components and models of National and International Security; and the Evolution of Strategic Thoughts: Kautilya, Sun Tzu, Machiavelli, Antonio Jomini, Carl von Clausewitz. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 14. Continued Evolution of Strategic Thoughts: H. Mackinder, A.T. Mahan, G. Douhet, William Mitchell, Alexander de Seversky, H. Kissinger. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 15. Evolution of Strategic Doctrines: Massive Retaliation, Deterrence, Flexible Response, Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI), NMD. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 16. Evolution of India’s Security Policies and Nuclear and Maritime Doctrines. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 17. New Modes of Warfare: Conventional, Low Intensity Conflicts, Information and Communication warfare, Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Warfare, Revolution in Military Affairs. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 18. Non-Traditional Security Threats: Food and Health Security, Energy Security, Environmental Security, Gender Security, Human Security, Cyber Security and Terrorism; and Conflict Resolution and Peace, Arms Control and Disarmament. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 19. Role of International Organisations in International Peace and Security, Development cooperation and Democratisation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 20. United Nations: Role, Relevance, and Reforms. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 21. Global Governance: Issues and Challenges of global commons; and Regional and Sub-regional Organisations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 22. Impact of Globalisation on International Organisations and Global Governance; and International Law as an instrument of global governance. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 23. Evolution of Objectives and Principles of India’s Foreign Policy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 24. India’s Relations with Neighbourhood and Extended Neighbourhood; and India and Major Powers: US, Russia, China, Japan, and EU. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 25. India’s Look East and Act East Policy; and India’s Engagement with International and Regional Organisations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 26. Role of India’s Soft Power in its Foreign Policy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 27. South Asia and Indo-Pacific Region: Geopolitical and Geostrategic setting; and Colonialism, nationalism and independence movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 28. South Asia and Indo-Pacific Region: Nation building, state building and challenges to democratization; and Post-Independence developments: Political Regimes. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 29. South Asia and Indo-Pacific Region: Internal and External Threats to State Security and Human Security; Regional Territorial and Maritime Issues, Role of Extra-regional Powers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 30. South Asia and Indo-Pacific Region: Regional Trade, Development Cooperation and Strategic Partnership: IORA, SAARC, ASEAN, ARF, APEC, BIMSTEC, Mekong-Ganga Cooperation etc.; and Impact of Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation (LPG). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 31. Central Asia, West Asia and Africa: Geopolitical and Geostrategic setting; and Colonialism, nationalism and independence movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 32. Central Asia, West Asia and Africa: Nation building, state building and challenges to democratization; Post-Independence developments: Political Regimes; and Internal and External Threats to State Security and Human Security. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 33. Central Asia, West Asia and Africa: Regional conflicts and issues and role of extra-regional powers; Regional Trade, Development Cooperation and Strategic Partnership; and Impact of Globalisation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 34. Europe and Erstwhile Soviet Union/Russia: Geopolitical and Geostrategic setting; and Nationalism, Industrial Revolution and State building. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 35. Europe between two World Wars; and Alliances and Accords in Europe: NATO, WARSAW PACT, Helsinki Accord, EU etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 36. Europe and Erstwhile Soviet Union/Russia: Internal and External Threats to State Security and Human Security, Migration refugees and Ethnic Problems. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 37. Europe and Erstwhile Soviet Union/Russia: Trade, Development cooperation and Strategic Partnerships; Role of US in Europe; and Impact of Globalisation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 38. The Americas: Geopolitical and Geostrategic setting; and Colonialism, Nationalism and Independence Movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 39. The Americas: Nation building, state building and challenges to democratization; and Internal and External Threats to State Security and Human Security. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies) Chpater 40. The Americas: Regional conflicts and Issues: Role of US and Extra-regional Powers; Regional trade, development cooperation and strategic partnership; and Globalisation and its impact. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject International And Area Studies)

Political Science Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Political Science Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Political Theory Concepts (Part 1): Liberty, Equality, Justice, and Rights. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 2. Political Theory Concepts (Part 2): Democracy, Power, and Citizenship. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 3. Political Traditions (Part 1): Liberalism, Conservatism, Socialism, and Marxism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 4. Political Traditions (Part 2): Feminism, Ecologism, Multiculturalism, and Postmodernism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 5. Political Thought (Ancient to Early Modern): Confucius, Plato, Aristotle, and Machiavelli. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 6. Political Thought (Social Contract and Enlightenment): Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Hegel. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 7. Political Thought (19th and 20th Century): Mary Wollstonecraft, John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx, and Gramsci. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 8. Political Thought (Contemporary): Hannah Arendt, Frantz Fanon, Mao Zedong, and John Rawls. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 9. Indian Political Thought (Ancient and Medieval Texts & Thinkers): Dharamshastra, Kautilya, Aggannasutta, Barani, and Kabir. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 10. Indian Political Thought (Social Reformers and Early Nationalists): Pandita Ramabai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Swami Vivekanand, Rabindranath Tagore, and M.K Gandhi. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 11. Indian Political Thought (Diverse Modern Thinkers): Sri Aurobindo, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, Muhammad Iqbal, M.N.Roy, and V D Savarkar. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 12. Indian Political Thought (Post-Independence Thinkers and Leaders): Dr. B.R.Ambedkar, J L Nehru, Ram Manohar Lohia, Jaya Prakash Narayan, and Deendayal Upadhyaya. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 13. Comparative Political Analysis Approaches: Institutional, Political Culture, Political Economy and New Institutionalism; alongside Comparative Methods. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 14. Colonialism, Decolonization, and Nationalism: Covering forms of colonialism, anti-colonial struggles and decolonization; and Nationalism: European and non-European. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 15. State Theory in Comparative Analysis: The debate over the nature of state in capitalist and socialist societies; the post-colonial state; the welfare state; and globalization and nations-states. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 16. Political Regimes in Comparative Analysis: democratic (Electoral, Liberal, Majoritarian and Participatory) and non-democratic regimes (Patrimonialism, Bureaucratic authoritarianism, Military dictatorship, Totalitarianism, and fascist). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 17. Constitutions and Constitutionalism in Comparative Politics: forms of constitutions, rule of law, judicial independence and liberal constitutionalism; emergency powers and crisis of constitutionalism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 18. Democratisation and Development in Comparative Politics: Democratisation, including democratic transition and consolidation; and Development, covering Underdevelopment, Dependency, Modernization, World Systems Theory, development and democracy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 19. Structures of Power and Key Political Actors in Comparative Politics: Structures of Power, including ruling class, power elites, democratic elitism; and Actor and Processes, specifically Electoral Systems, Political Parties and Party System, and Interest groups. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 20. Social Mobilization and Change in Comparative Politics: Actor and Processes continued, covering Social movements, new social movements, Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and civil society campaigns; and Revolutions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 21. Approaches to the study of International relations (Part 1): Idealism, Realism, Structural Marxism, Neoliberalism, and Neorealism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 22. Approaches to the study of International relations (Part 2) and Core Concepts: Social Constructivism, Critical International Theory, Feminism, Postmodernism; and Concepts: State, state system and non-state actors, Power, Sovereignty, Security: traditional and non- traditional. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 23. Conflict and Peace in International Relations: Changing Nature of Warfare; Weapons of mass destruction; deterrence; conflict resolution, conflict transformation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 24. The United Nations, International Law, and Justice: United Nations: Aims, Objectives, Structure and Evaluation of the Working of UN; Peace and Development perspectives; Humanitarian intervention. International law; International Criminal Court. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 25. Political Economy of IR and Regional Organisations: Political Economy of IR; Globalisation; Global governance and Bretton Woods system, North-South Dialogue, WTO, G-20, BRICS. Regional Organisations: European Union, African Union, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, ASEAN. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 26. Contemporary Challenges in International Relations: International terrorism, Climate change and Environmental Concerns, Human Rights, Migration and Refugees; Poverty and Development; Role of Religion, Culture and Identity Politics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 27. Perspectives, Continuity, Change, and Policies in India’s Foreign Policy: Perspectives on India’s Foreign Policy: India’s Identity as postcolonial, development, rising power and as emerging political economy; Continuity and change in India’s Foreign Policy: Principles and determinants; Non-Alignment movement: historical background and relevance of Non Aligned Movement; India’s Nuclear Policy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 28. India’s Relations with Major Powers and Engagement with a Multipolar World: India’s relations with major powers: USA, USSR/Russia, People’s Republic of China; India’s Engagement with multipolar world: India’s relations with European Union, BRICS, ASEAN, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, African Union, Southern African Development Community, Gulf Cooperation Council. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 29. India’s Neighbourhood Relations and Negotiation Strategies: India’s relations with neighbourhood: SAARC, Gujaral doctrine, Look East / Act East, Look West. India’s Negotiation Strategies in International Regimes: The United Nations, World Trade Organisation, International Monetary Fund, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 30. Contemporary Challenges to India’s Foreign Policy: maritime security, energy security, environmental security, migrants and refugees, water resources, international terrorism, cyber security. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 31. Foundations of the Indian Polity: Making of the Indian Constitution: Colonialism heritage and the contribution Indian National Movement to the making of the Indian Constitution; Constituent Assembly: Composition, Ideological Moorings, Constitutional Debates; Philosophy of the Constitution: Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles; Constitutionalism in India: Democracy, Social Change, National Unity, Checks and Balances, Basic Structure Debate, Constitutional Amendments. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 32. Key Political Institutions in India (Union and State Level): Union Executive: President, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers; Union Parliament: Structure, Role and Functioning, Parliamentary Committees; Judiciary: Supreme Court, High Court, Judicial Review, Judicial Activism, Judicial Reform; Executive and Legislature in the States: Governor, Chief Minister, State Legislature. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 33. Federalism, Elections, Local Governance, and Oversight Bodies in India: Federalism in India: Strong Centre Framework, Asymmetrical Federal Provisions and Adaption, Role of Intergovernmental Coordination Mechanisms, Inter-State Council, Emerging Trends; Electoral Process and Election Commission of India: Conduct of Elections, Rules, Electoral Reforms; Local Government Institutions: Functioning and reforms; Constitutional and Statutory Bodies: Comptroller and Auditor General, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Scheduled Tribes, National Commission for Human Rights, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Minorities. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 34. State, Economy, Development, and Globalisation in India: State, Economy and Development: Nature of Indian State, Development Planning model, New Economic Policy, Growth and Human Development; Process of globalisation: social and economic implications. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 35. Identity Politics, Social Movements, and Civil Society in India: Identity Politics: Religion, Tribe, Caste, Region, Language; Social Movements: Dalit, Tribal, Women, Farmers, labour; Civil Society Groups: Non-Party Social Formations, Non-Governmental Organisations, Social Action Groups. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 36. Regionalisation, Gender, Political Parties, and Electoral Dynamics in India: Regionalisation of Indian Politics: Reorganisation of Indian States, States as Political and Economic Units, Sub-State Regions, Regional disparities, Demand for New States; Gender and Politics in India: Issues of Equality and Representation; Ideology and Social basis of Political Parties: National Parties, State Parties; Electoral Politics: Participation, Contestation, Representation, Emerging trends. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 37. Fundamentals and Approaches in Public Administration: Public Administration: meaning and evolution; public and private administration; Approaches: System Theory, Decision Making, Ecological Approach; Public administration theories and concepts: Scientific Management Theory, Rational Choice theory, New Public Administration, Development Administration, Comparative Public Administration, New Public Management, changing nature of Public Administration in the era of liberalisation and Globalisation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 38. Organisational Theories and Management in Public Administration: Theories and Principles of Organization: Scientific Management Theory, Bureaucratic Theory, Human Relations Theory; Managing the organization: Theories of leadership and motivation; Organisational Communication: Theories and Principles, Chester Bernard Principles of Communication, Information Management in the organization; Managing Conflict in the Organization: Mary Parker Follett; Management by Objectives- Peter Drucker. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 39. Governance, Accountability, and Control Mechanisms in India: Governance, good governance and democratic governance, role of state, civil society and individuals; Accountability and control: Institutional mechanism for checks and balances, legislative control over executive, administrative and budgetary control, control through parliamentary committees, judicial control over legislature and executive, administrative culture, corruption and administrative reforms; Institutional mechanisms for good governance: Right to Information, Consumer Protection Act, Citizen Charter; Grievance redress system: Ombudsman, Lokpal, Lokayukta. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science) Chpater 40. Grassroots Governance, Planning, Public Policy, and Evaluation in India: Grassroots Governance: Panchayati Raj Institutions and their functioning; Planning and Development: Decentralised planning, planning for development, sustainable development, participatory development, e-governance; NITI Aayog; Public policy as an instrument of socio-economic development: public policies with special reference to housing, health, drinking water, food security, MNREGA, NHRM, RTE; Monitoring and evaluation of public policy; mechanisms of making governance process accountable: jansunwai, social audit. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Political Science)

Anthropology Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Anthropology Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Introduction to Anthropology & Research Foundations: History, development, aim, and scope of Anthropology; its relationship with other sciences; different branches of Anthropology (including Linguistic Anthropology) and their interrelationship; Resea (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 2. Fieldwork Traditions & Core Methods: Fieldwork and fieldwork tradition; Ethnography, Observation, Interview, Case Study, Life History, Focus group, PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal), RRA (Rapid Rural Appraisal), Genealogical Method. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 3. Advanced Field Methods & Data Collection: Schedules and Questionnaires, Grounded Theory, Exploration and Excavation, GIS (Geographic Information Systems). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 4. Statistical Analysis & Interpretation Techniques: Statistics: concept of variables, sampling, measures of central tendency and dispersion; Parametric and nonparametric bivariate and multivariate (linear regression and logistic regression) statistical tests; Techniques of Analysis: Content analysis, Discourse analysis, and Narratives. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 5. Theories of Evolution & Primate Radiation: Lamarckism, Neo-Lamarckism, Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism, Synthetic theory, neutral theory of molecular evolution; Concept of cladogenesis and anagenesis, punctuated equilibrium, selection; Trends in Primate radiation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 6. Primate Diversity & Characteristics: Primate classification and distribution of extinct and extant species; Characteristics of primates: morphological (hair), skeletal (cranial, post cranial, dental, brain), physical (opposability of thumb), locomotion (quadrupedalism, brachiation and bipedalism) and posture, Primate social behaviour; Extant Primates Distribution, characteristics and classification: Prosimii (Tarsiioidea, Lorisoidea, Lemuroidea), Anthropoidea (Ceboidea, Cercopithecoidea, Hominoidea); Morphological and anatomical characteristics of Human, Chimpanzee, Gorilla, Orangutan and Gibbon. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 7. Fossil Primates & Early Hominin Evolution: Fossils of extinct Primates Oligocene-Miocene fossils – Parapithecus; Gigantopithecus, Aegyptopithecus, Dryopithecus, Ramapithecus and Sivapithecus; Pre-hominid groups: Sahelanthropus tchadensis (Toumai), Orrorin tugenensis, Ardipithecus ramidus; Early Hominids: Australopithecus afarensis, Australopithecus ramidus, Australopithecus africanus, Australopithecus (Paranthropous) boisei, Australopithecus (Paranthropous) robustus, Australopithecus bahrelghazali; Early Transitional Human: Homo habilis. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 8. Homo Erectus, Archaic & Modern Humans: Hominid Evolution Characteristics and distribution of Homo erectus in general, Special reference to the fossil evidences discovered from Africa (Turkana boy), Asia (Java man and Peking man), Europe (Dmanisi), Homo floresiensis (Dwarf variety); Characteristics of Archaic sapiens with special reference to Europe (Homo heidelbergensis), Africa (Rhodesian Man), Asia (China, Jinniushan; India, Narmada Man); Neandertal man: Distribution, salient features and phylogenetic position; Characteristics of anatomically Modern Homo sapiens with special reference to Africa (Omo), Europe (Cro-magnon, Chancelade, Grimaldi), Asia (Jinniushan) and Australia (Lake Mungo); Dispersal of modern humans: Out of Africa hypothesis, Multiregional hypothesis, Partial Replacement hypothesis. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 9. Modern Human Variation & Indian Populations: Modern Human Variation: Typological Model, Populational Model and Clinal Model; overview of Classification proposed by Blumenbach, Deniker, Hooton, Coon, Garn and Birdsell; Ethnic Classification and distribution of Indian Populations: H.H. Risley; B. S. Guha; S. S. Sarkar; Linguistic distribution of ethnic groups. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 10. Human Genetics Study Methods & Cytogenetics: Methods of studying Human Genetics: Cytogenetics, Mendelian Genetics, Twin Genetics, Sib Pair methods, Population Genetics, Molecular Genetics; Cytogenetics: cell cycle, standard karyotyping and banding techniques (G, C and Q), chromosomal abnormalities, fluorescent in situ hybridization, Lyon’s hypothesis, importance of telomere and centromere; Linkage and chromosome mapping, genetic imprinting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 11. Modes of Inheritance & Polygenic Traits: Modes of inheritance: Autosomal (dominant, recessive, codominance), sex linked, sex influenced, sex limited, modifying genes, suppressor genes, selfish gene, multiple allelic inheritance, multifactorial inheritance (stature and skin colour), polygenic (dermatoglyphics- Finger-ball Pattern types, Dankmeijer’s Index, Furuhata’s Index and Pattern Intensity Index, Total Finger Ridge Count, Absolute Finger Ridge Count, Palmar formula and mainline index, transversality, atd angle and flexion creases). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 12. Population & Molecular Genetics: Population genetics: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, definition and application; mating patterns (random, assortative and consanguineous), inbreeding coefficient, genetic load, genetic isolate, genetic drift, genetic distance); genetic polymorphism (balanced and transient); Molecular genetics: DNA, RNA, genetic code, protein structure and synthesis, concepts of RFLPs, VNTRs, STRs, and SNPs, Mitochondrial DNA, genic and genomic mutations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 13. Human Growth, Development & Maturation: Human Growth, development and maturation: definition, concepts; Basic principles of growth; phases of growth: Prenatal and postnatal (growth and development of different body parts, subcutaneous tissues and physiological variables); Growth curves: Velocity, Distance, Acceleration and Scammon’s Growth curve; Catch up and Catch down growth; Aging and senescence with special reference to somatic, skeletal and dental maturation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 14. Factors in Growth, Study Methods & Body Composition: Factors affecting growth: Genetic and Environmental; Secular trends in growth; Methods of studying human growth: Longitudinal, Cross-sectional, Mixed longitudinal, Linked longitudinal; Body composition: Bone mass, body mass, percentage of body fat, segmental fat, body age. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 15. Human Adaptation & Somatotyping: Human Adaptation: Allen’s and Bergmann’s rule; Human Adaptability Programme; human adaptation to heat, cold, high altitude; Somatotyping: Concept, Development (Kretschmer, Sheldon, Parnoll, Health-Carter) and its application. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 16. Demography & Anthropological Demography: Demography: Multidisciplinary nature of demography and its relation with other disciplines; Relationship between demography and anthropological demography; Fertility (concept and determinants), Morbidity and mortality (concept and determinants), Migration (concept and determinants), Selection intensity. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 17. Prehistoric Archaeology Concepts, Paradigms & Dating: Concept of prehistoric archaeology; ethno-archaeology, experimental archaeology, environmental archaeology, settlement archaeology, cognitive archaeology, geo-archaeology, action archaeology; Theoretical paradigms – descriptive to scientific period to interpretative period; Dating: Typology, seriation, geo-archaeological, obsidian hydration, chemical dating of bones, oxygen isotope, fluorine estimation, dendrochronology, radio-carbon, fission track, thermoluminescence, potassium-argon, varve clay, cross dating, amino acid racemization, palaeomagnetic. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 18. Paleoenvironment & Site Formation: Paleoenvironment: Major geological stages (Tertiary, Quaternary, Pleistocene, Holocene); Major climatic changes during Pleistocene and post Pleistocene periods, glacial and interglacial periods, ice age, pluvial and inter-pluvial climatic phases; Evidences of quarternary climatic changes (moraines, varve, river terraces, loess, sea level changes, beach sequences, sea core, fluviatile deposits, palynology, palaeontology); Site formation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 19. Lithic Tool Typology & Technology: Lithic tool typology and technology: Lower Palaeolithic (pebble tools, chopper and chopping tools, bifaces, handaxes and cleavers); Middle Palaeolithic (Clactonean, Levalloisian and Mousterian flakes, discoid cores, tortoise core, fluted core, scrapers, point); Upper Palaeolithic (blade, knife, blunted back, borer, burin, points); Mesolithic (microliths); Neolithic (ring stone, grind stone, celt, adze). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 20. European Lithic Cultures & Near East Neolithic: Overview of Lithic Cultures of Europe: Lower Palaeolithic: Acheulian culture; Middle Palaeolithic: Mousterian culture; Upper Palaeolithic: Perigordian, Chatelperronian, Gravettian, Aurignacian, Solutrian, Magdalenian; Mesolithic: Azilian, Tardenoisean, Maglamosean, Kitchen Midden, Natufian; Early Farming Cultures and Neolithic of the Near East: Sites like Jericho, Jarmo, Çatal Huyuk, Shanidar. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 21. Indian Palaeolithic Cultures: Lower Palaeolithic Period in India Pebble tool culture: Soan Acheulian culture: Madrasian (Kortalayar Valley), Attirmpakkam, Didwana, Belan Valley, Bhimbetka, Chirki-Nevasa, Hunsgi, Krishna Valley; Importance of Hathnora, Narmada valley; Middle Palaeolithic period in India: Belan valley, Bhimbetka, Nevasa, Narmada valley; Upper Palaeolithic period in India: Renigunta, Billa Surgam, Patne, Bhimbetka, Son and Belan Valleys, Visadi, Pushkar, Gunjan Valley. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 22. Indian Mesolithic & Neolithic Periods: Mesolithic period in India: Mesolithic economy and society; Post Pleistocene environmental changes; Development in microlithic technology, composite tools and bows and arrows; Sites include Bagor, Tilwara, Langhnaj, Adamgarh, Bagor, Chopani Mando, Bhimbetka, Sarai Nahar Rai, Birbhanpur; Neolithic Period in India: Economic and social consequences of food production; Settlements, population growth, craft specializations, class formation and political institutions; Sites like Burzahom, Gufkral, Ahar, Gilund, Nagada, Kayatha, Navdatoli, Eran, Nevasa, Chandoli, Daimabad, Inamgaon, Prakash, Maski, Brahmagiri, Sangankallu, Tekkalkota, Piklihal, Nagarjunakonda, Daojali Hading, Kuchai, Sarutadu. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 23. Prehistoric Art, Indus Civilization & Pottery Traditions in India: Prehistoric Cave art from India: Bhimbetka, Adamgarh; Indus Civilization: Expansion of village sites; Development of metal technology, art and writing; Architecture and city planning; Stages and theories of decline; Sites like Amri, Kot Diji, Kalibangan, Mohenjodaro, Harappa, Lothal, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi; Pottery and Traditions: Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP), Black and Red ware, Painted Grey Ware (PGW), Northern Black Polished Ware (NBP); Distribution of the pottery types and period. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 24. Bronze/Copper Age, Iron Age & Megaliths in India: Bronze/Copper Age: General characteristics, distribution, people; Iron Age and Urban Revolution: General characteristics, distribution, people; Megaliths: concept and types (menhir, dolmen, topical, cist, cairn circle, sarcophagi). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 25. Core Concepts in Social Anthropology (Culture & Society): Conceptual Understanding of Social Anthropology: Culture: Attributes, Holism, Universals, Acculturation, Enculturation, Transculturation, Culture Change, Culture Shock, Cultural Relativism, Civilization, Folk-Urban Continuum, Great and Little Tradition, Cultural Pluralism and World-View; Society: Groups, Institutions, Associations, Community, Status and Role; Incest; Endogamy and Exogamy; Rites of passage. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 26. Social Institutions (Family & Marriage): Social Institutions: Family: Definitions, universality of the family; Typological and Processual methods of studying the family; Types of family – conjugal-natal, consanguineal, nuclear, joint, extended; Rules of residence – Patrilocal, Matrilocal, Ambilocal, Bilocal, Neolocal, Avunculocal, Virilocal, Amitalocal, Uxorilocal; Functions of family, Trends of change – urbanization, globalization, industrialization, feminist movements; Marriage: Definition, universality, types and functions (monogamy, polygamy – polyandry, polygyny, hypogamy, hypergamy, levirate, sororate); Preferential and Prescriptive types; Types and forms of marital transactions – bride price and dowry; Marriage as exchange. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 27. Social Institutions (Kinship, Economic & Legal Anthropology): Kinship: Definition, Descent, kinship terminology, matrilineal puzzle; Joking and avoidance; moiety, phratry, clan and lineage; Types of kinship systems; Economic Anthropology: Definition and relationship with Anthropology and Economy; Theories (Malinowski, Formal, Substantivist, Marxist); Livelihoods, Subsistence, Principles of production, distribution, consumption; division of labour in hunting-gathering, pastoral, swidden and agricultural communities; Exchange, reciprocity, gifts and barter systems; Kula, Potlatch and Jajmani – Anthropological explanations; Legal Anthropology: Anthropology of Law, Social Sanctions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 28. Political Organization, Religion, Belief Systems & Social Change: Political Organization: Definitions, political processes in band, tribe, chiefdom and state systems; Conflicts and social control; Nations and Nation-state, democracy; Religion and Belief Systems: Definitions, animism, animatism, manaism, bongaism, totemism, taboo; Religious specialists – witch, shaman, priest, medicine-man, sorcerer; Magic – definitions, types, approaches; Rituals; Social Change: Basic ideas and concepts (Assimilation, Integration, Syncretism, Dominance and Subjugation), Approaches. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 29. Classical Anthropological Theories: Theories in Social Anthropology: Evolutionism – Tylor, Morgan, Fraser, Maine, McLennan; Diffusionism – Three schools (Austro-German, British, American); Historical Particularism – Boas; Functionalism – Malinowski; Structural-Functionalism – Radcliffe-Brown, Firth, Fortes, Eggan, Parsons. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 30. Mid-20th Century Anthropological Theories: Structuralism – Levi-Strauss; Culture and Personality/Psychological Anthropology – Mead, Benedict, DuBois, Linton, Kardiner, Whiting and Child; Cultural Ecology, Environmental Anthropology, Neo-evolutionism (Leslie White, Julian Steward, Marshall Sahlins). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 31. Later 20th Century Anthropological Theories I: Cultural Materialism – Marvin Harris; Symbolic Anthropology – Victor Turner, Raymond Firth, Mary Douglas; Cognitive Anthropology – Roy D’Andrade, Stephen Tyler, Ward Goodenough. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 32. Contemporary & Critical Anthropological Theories: Deep Ethnography, Interpretive Anthropology – Clifford Geertz; Anthropology and Gender – Leela Dube, Renato Rosaldo, Marilyn Strathern, Zora Neale Hutson; Postmodernism, Poststructuralism, Postcolonialism – Foucault, Derrida, Bourdieu; Ethnicity – Barth, Jeffery, Weber. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 33. Development of Indian Anthropology & Social Concepts: Stages in the Development of Indian Anthropology Concepts: Social Stratification (eg. Caste), Scheduled Caste (SC), Dalit, OBC, Nomadic Groups; Revivalist/Nativist movements, Peasant movements (Malabar and Telengana movements). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 34. Tribal Studies in India & Constitutional Safeguards: Tribe, Scheduled Tribe (ST), Particularly Vulnerable Groups (PVTGs), Tribal movements (Birsa and Naga movements), Tribal Development, Distribution; Constitutional Safeguards for SC and ST, Inclusion and Exclusion. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 35. Indian Village Studies, Local Governance & Theoretical Ideas: Indian Village and Village Studies in India (S.C. Dube, McKim Marriott, Weiser, Scarlett Epstein, M.N. Srinivas, F.G. Bailey); Panchayati Raj Institutions and other traditional community political organizations, Self-Help Groups (SHGs); Theoretical ideas: Sanskritization, Westernization, Modernization, Globalization, Sacred Complex, Nature-Man-Spirit Complex. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 36. Early Indian Anthropologists & Their Contributions: Early Indian Anthropologists and their contributions: G.S. Ghurye, B.S. Guha, S.C. Roy, Iravati Karve, L.P. Vidyarthi, S.C. Dube, M.N. Srinivas, N.K. Bose, Surajit Sinha, D.N. Majumdar, S.R.K. Chopra, Verrier Elwin, S.S. Sarkar, Dharani Sen, T.C. Das, P.C. Biswas. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 37. Applied & Specialized Anthropological Fields: Concepts and Theories: Applied Anthropology, Action Anthropology, Engaged Anthropology, Experimental Anthropology, Urban Anthropology, Public Anthropology, Public Archaeology, Anthropology of Development, Medical Anthropology, Visual Anthropology, Genomic Studies, Genetic Screening and Counseling, Forensic Anthropology, Food and Nutritional Anthropology, Ergonomics, Kinanthropometry, Business Anthropology. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 38. Community Development Projects & Intervention Processes: Community Development Projects (Rural, Urban and Tribal); Revisits, Re-studies, Reinterpretations, Intervention, Research Process and Social Impact Assessment (SIA). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 39. Anthropological Approaches in Community Studies & Issues: Anthropological approaches in community studies: public health, education, nutrition, land alienation, bonded labour, housing, alternative economy, livelihood, gender issues, relief, rehabilitation and relocation, identity crisis, communication, training and management, aging and the aged. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology) Chpater 40. Development Strategies, NGOs & Empowerment: Development Strategies (Plan/Sub Plan); Role of NGOs in Development; Anthropology and NGOs; Empowerment of Women, LGBT groups. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Anthropology)

Performing Arts Dance Drama Theatre

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Performing Arts Dance Drama Theatre written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with categories.

Tourism Administration And Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Tourism Administration And Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Foundations & Evolution of Tourism: Definitions and Differences of Tourist, visitor, traveller, excursionist; Early and Medieval Period of Travel, Renaissance and its Effects on Tourism, the Birth of Mass Tourism, and the distinction between Old and (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 2. Tourism Forms, Characteristics & Analytical Approaches: Forms of Tourism – Inbound, Outbound, National, International; Nature, Scope and Characteristics of Tourism; the Need for Measurement of Tourism and the Interdisciplinary Approaches to its study. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 3. Tourism Systems, Models & Life Cycle Concepts: Different Tourism Systems including Leiper’s Geo-spatial Model, Mill-Morrison system, and the Mathieson & Wall model; Butler’s Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC), Doxey’s Irridex Index, and the Demonstration Effect. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 4. Tourist Motivation, Industry Fundamentals & Components: Crompton’s Push and Pull Theory, Stanley Plog’s Model, and Gunn’s Model; The Meaning and Nature of Tourism Industry, its Input and Output, and the Tourism Industry Network comprising Direct, Indirect and Support Services; Basic Components of Tourism - Transport, Accommodation, Facilities & Amenities. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 5. Tourism Business Dynamics & Impacts: Horizontal and Vertical Integration in Tourism Business; Tourism Business during Liberalization & Globalizations; Tourism Impacts: Economic, Social, Cultural, and Environmental, encompassing both Positive & Negative Impacts of Tourism; Factors affecting the future of tourism business, Seasonality & tourism, the Sociology of tourism, and Travel motivators. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 6. Global & Indian Tourism Organizations & Governance: Role and functions of Important Tourism Organizations in development and promotion of Tourism including UNWTO, IATA, ICAO, UFTAA, ASTA, PATA, WTTC, IHA, TAAI, IATO, FHRAI, ITDC, ICPB, State Tourism Development Corporations, Airport Authority of India, Archeological Survey of India, and the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, Railways, Civil Aviation of Government of India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 7. Geographical Coordinates & IATA Systems in Tourism: Earth’s movement; Latitude, Longitude; Areas, Sub Areas and Sub Regions as per International Air Transport Organization (IATA), IATA Three Letter City Code, and Two Letter Airlines and Airport Code. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 8. Time Concepts & Calculations in Travel: International Date Line, Time Zones, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), Calculation of Local Time, Flying Time, Grounding Time, Elapsed Time, and Daylight Saving Time. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 9. Global Geography: Climate, Vegetation & Weather Impacts: World Geography focusing on Climate & Vegetation of North, South and Central America, Europe, Africa, Asia & Australasia; Elements of weather and climate, and the Impact of weather and climate on tourist destinations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 10. Indian Geography, Tourist Movement & Environmental Legislation: Climate and Vegetation of India; Physical Geography of India including Distribution of Rivers, Mountains, Plateaus & Plain area, Coastal area, Deccan, major lakes, and deserts; Tourists Movement encompassing Demand and origin factors, destinations and resource factors, and Contemporary trends in international tourists movements; Environment Act, Environment rules, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Environmental Information System (EIS), Environmental Management System (EMS) & Carrying capacity; Forest Act, Forest Conservation Act, and Wild life Protection Act. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 11. Indian Tourism Products: Nature, Attractions, Heritage & Crafts: Nature and Characteristic of Tourism Products of India including Seasonality and Diversities; Tourist attraction – Concept & Classification; Heritage – Indigenous and Colonial; Handicrafts of India; Fairs and Festivals of Social & Religious importance. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 12. Performing Arts, Music, Cultural Institutions & Cuisine of India: Forms & Types of Performing Art, Classical Dances, Folk Dances of different Regions & Folk Culture; Indian Music including Different Schools, Status of Indian Vocal & Instrumental Music, and Indian Music abroad; Indian Museums, Art Galleries, Libraries & their Location; Indian cuisine - Regional variations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 13. Historical Monuments, Cultural Aspects & World Heritage in India: Historical monuments of India – Ancient temples, caves, stupas, monasteries, forts, palaces, Islamic and colonial art and architecture; Indian rituals and dresses; World heritage sites of India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 14. Religious Centers, Legendary Figures & Freedom Struggle Sites in India: Major religious centers of India – holy places connected with Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Islamism, Christianity, Zoroastrianism and other religious sects; places associated with the work and life of legendry figures – Mahatma Gandhi, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Swami Vivekananda, Rabindranath Tagore, Subash Chandra Bose & Sardar Vallabhai Patel; Important paces related to India’s freedom struggle. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 15. India's Protected Areas: National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries & Biosphere Reserves: Major National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Biosphere reserves of India and their Locations, Accessibility, Facilities, Amenities, including the Uniqueness of Dachigam, Corbett, Ranthambore, Hazaribag, Similipal, Bhitarkanika, Kanha, Bandhavagarh, Mudumalli, Periyar, Gir, Sunderbans, Manas, and Valley of flowers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 16. India's Hill Stations, Himalayan Potential & Beach Resorts: Hill Stations including Locations, Accessibility, Facilities, Amenities, and Uniqueness of Gulmarg, Kullu & Manali, Shimla, Mussorie, Nainital, Panchmarahi, Mahabaleswar, Chikmangulaur, Coorg, Munnar, Ooty, Kodiakanal, Arakku, Darjeeling, Gangtok, Shillong, etc., and the Tourist potential of Himalayas; Beach Resorts of India including Locations, Accessibility, Facilities, Amenities, and Uniqueness of important Beaches of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Lakshadweep, and Andaman & Nicobar Islands. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 17. Emerging Niche Tourism Forms in India: Emerging attractions for Medical Tourism, Ecotourism, Rural Tourism, Agri Tourism, Farm Tourism, Green Tourism, Wilderness Tourism, Film Tourism, MICE tourism, Countryside Tourism, Caravan Tourism, Adventure tourism, Golf tourism, Light house tourism, Fort tourism, Buddhist tourism, Sufi tourism, Special interest tourism, Textile tourism, Aqua based tourism, wellness and spa tourism, culinary tourism, shopping tourism, indigenous tourism, and industrial & Mining Tourism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 18. Transportation in Tourism: Evolution, Role & Global Networks: Transportation - Evolution and importance of Transportation Systems; Role of Transportation in Tourism; Major transport systems – Rail, Road, Air and Water transport; Road Transport Network in North America, South America, Europe, South Africa, Asia and the Middle-East, Austria and New Zealand; Major Railway Transport Network in the World; Modes of transportations in India – Past & Present. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 19. Air Transportation: Operations, Policies, Conventions & Systems: Licensing of air carriers; Limitations of weights and capacities; Scheduled and non-scheduled airlines services; No-frill airlines; Open sky policy; International conventions; Functions of IATA, ICAO, DGCA, AAI; GDS in air transportation; Types of air journey, MPM, TPM, Extra Mileage Allowance, One-way, Return Trip and Circle Trip Journey, Higher Intermediate Fare Check Point, Add-on and Open Jaw Fare, Excursion Fare, and Components in International Air Tickets. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 20. Airline Business, Logistics & Ancillary Air Services: Airline Business in the World, Major Air Carriers and Major Low-cost Airlines, Domestic Air Transport Business; Distribution of Sales of Airlines Tickets, Baggage and Travel Documents, Air Charter Services, Miscellaneous Charges order (MCO) - Multiple Purpose Document (MPD) - Billing and Settlement Plan. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 21. Indian Surface Transport Systems & Road Travel Documentation: Surface Transport System - Approved tourist transport, car hire companies including car rental scheme and tourist-coach companies; Documents connected with road transport viz. Regional Transport Authority, transport and insurance documents, road taxies, fitness certificate, contact carriage, state carriage, All India permits, maxi car, motor car etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 22. Global & Indian Railway Systems and Water Transport: Railway System of world, British Rail, Euro Rail, Amtrak, Orient express, Trans-Siberian railway and luxury train of the world; Indian Railways - types of tours available in Indian Rail, Indrail pass, special schemes and packages available, palace on wheels, royal orient, fairy queen and toy trains, including Planning itineraries on Indian Railways, reservation and cancellation procedures; Water Transport System - Historical past, cruise ships, ferries, hovercraft, river canal boats, Prospects and future growth of water transport in India, and Major cruise lines of the world and their packages. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 23. Travel Trade Fundamentals: Agency & Tour Operation: Historical Background of Travel Trade, Significance of Travel Agency Business, Types of Travel Agent (Full Service Agency, Commercial Agency, Implant Agency, Group / Incentive Agency), Skills and Competencies for Running Travel Agency Business, Wholesale and Retail Agents, and the Future of Travel Wholesaling & Retailing; Types of Tour Operator (Inbound, Outbound, Domestic, Ground and Specialized), and Types of Tour (Independent Tour, Escorted Tour, Hosted Tour, Incentivized Tour). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 24. Tour Operation Management & MICE Tourism Business: Tour Wholesalers and Retailers, Diversified Role of Tour Operators, Distribution Networks of Tour Operation Business, and Special Services for Charter Tour Operators; Meeting & Incentive Planners and Activities of Meeting Planners, Convention & Conference Tourism Business, and Trade Fairs & Exhibitions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 25. Establishing & Managing Travel Businesses: Operations & Technology: Essential Requirements for Starting Travel Agency & Tour Operation Business, Procedures for Obtaining Recognition, Travel Agency Organization Structure, and Sources of Revenue; Use of Information Technology in Travel Agency Business; Types of Itinerary - Resources and Steps for Itinerary Planning; Tour Costing: Tariffs, FIT & GIT; Confirmation of Tour, Creation of Docket/ File, Issue of Tour Vouchers, Reconfirmation with Airlines, Hotel & Ground Service Providers; Distributing Customized Itinerary to Tour Leader, Guide, Driver & Transporter; Standard Procedures for Pickup and Drop, Preparation of Feedback or Guest Comment Sheet, Analysis of Comments of Guest; Tour Guides & Escorts, WATA guidelines; Relation with service suppliers; Travel agency appointments; and International regulations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 26. Travel Documentation, Formalities, Cargo & Airport Procedures: Familiarization with TIM (Travel Information Manual), Passport & VISA- Meaning, Types, Procedures, Validity, Necessary Information to fill the Passport and VISA Form for Issuance; Health Certificates, Currency, Travel Insurance, Credit & Debit Card; Customs, Currency, Baggage and Airport information; Citizenship – Passport - Visa - FEMA – Foreigners Registration Act – Customs – RBI guidelines - Criminal Law - Registration of cases; Cargo handling - Baggage allowance, free access baggage, Weigh and piece concept, Accountability of lost baggage, Dangerous goods, Cargo rates ad valuation charges; Automation and airport procedures; Tour Brochures - element and importance of brochure. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 27. Hospitality Industry: Characteristics, Concepts & Accommodation Management: Distinctive characteristics of Hospitality Industry - Inflexibility, Intangibility, Perishability, fixed location, relatively large financial investment etc.; Concepts of Atithi Devo Bhavah; Hotel and the other lodging facilities; types of hotels and hotel departments; classification of hotels; chain operations; E- Hospitality; Types of accommodation; Activities in Accommodation Management – Front office – Housekeeping – Bar and Restaurant - Supporting services. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 28. Hotel Operations in India: Incentives, Regulations, Front Office & Housekeeping: Fiscal and non-fiscal incentives offered to hotel industry in India, ethical and regulatory aspects in a hotel, international hotel regulations; Duties and responsibilities of front office staff; Reservation & registration- Types of Room, Types of Bedding, Meal plans, room assignments, check-in, methods of payment, type of hotel guests; Factors affecting the price of accommodation; important functions of Housekeeping Management, liaison with other departments, room supplies, Bed making and related types of service; Housekeeping department-Hierarchy, duties & responsibilities of housekeeping staff. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 29. Food & Beverage Operations in Hospitality: Food Production Organization, Kitchen, Buffets, Beverages Operation, Functions, Outlets of F & B; Types of Meal Plans, Types of Restaurant-Menu, Room Service; Catering Services-Food Service for the Airlines, Banquette, Corporate, MICE, Retail Food Market, Business/Industrial Food Service, Healthcare Food Service, club food services; Trends in lodging and food services; Food & Beverage Department of a hotel: Hierarchy, duties & responsibilities of staff. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 30. Services Marketing in Tourism: Concepts, Planning & Quality Assurance: Concept of Goods & Services; Characteristics of Service; Salient features of Marketing Services: Services Marketing – Concept, Need & Significance, Types of Tourism Services; Tourism Marketing Environment, Strategic Planning and Marketing Process, Organizing and Implementing marketing in the Tourism Organization; Service Quality, Gap Model of Service Quality; Marketing Research; Market Segmentation - Targeting and positioning for competitive advantage; Relationship Marketing; Familiarization Trip. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 31. Tourism Marketing Mix, Strategies & Distribution: P’s of Tourism Marketing- Product, Place, Price, Promotion, Physical Evidence, People, Process & Packaging; Designing Tourism Product – Branding and Packaging, Product Development – Product Life Cycle & Its Various Stages; Pricing Strategies and Approaches; Advertising – Sales Promotion – Publicity – Personal Selling; Tourism Distribution Channels, Cooperation and conflict Management. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 32. Modern Marketing Approaches & Destination Branding in Tourism: Global Marketing, Direct Marketing, Social Media & Digital Marketing, Green Marketing; Corporate Social Responsibility, Marketing Ethics & Consumerism; Destination Image Development - Attributes of Destinations, Destination resource analysis, measurement of destination image - Destination branding perspectives and challenges- Creating the Unique Destination Proposition - Place branding and destination image - Destination image formation process; unstructured image -Product development and packaging - Institutional Support & Public Private Partnership in Destination Marketing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 33. Tourism Planning & Policy Formulation: Tourism planning - Role of Govt. public and private sectors in formulation of tourism policy; Roles of international, national, state and local tourism organizations in carrying out tourism policies; Tourism planning for thrust areas, special tourism areas & zones identified by Ministry of Tourism, Government of India; Sustainable tourism development, Pro-poor Tourism and Community Participation; Responsible tourism; Tourism Policy - Factors influencing tourism policy; National Tourism Policy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 34. Levels of Tourism Planning, Approaches & Development Frameworks: Levels of Tourism planning - International, national, regional, state and local, the traditional, approach and PASLOP method of tourism planning; important feature of five year tourism plans in India; Elements Agents, Processes and typologies of tourism development; State tourism policies; National Planning Policies for Destination Development- WTO Guidelines for Planners - Role of urban civic bodies: Town planning -Characteristics of rural tourism planning. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 35. Economic Systems, Demand, Impacts & Monetary Policy in Tourism: Economic System and Its Impact on Tourism Development, Macro & Micro Economic System, Demand & Supply, Determinants , Measurement of Tourism Demand, Forecasting, Methods of Demand Forecasting, Inflation, Recession, Savings & Investment, Export & Import, Multiplier Effects &Its Types, Displacement Effect, Costs and Benefits of Tourism, Monetary Policy- Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, Cash Reserve Ratio(CRR). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 36. Statistical Analysis in Tourism: Descriptive & Inferential Statistics: Statistics: Measures of central tendency- mean, median, mode; measures of dispersion- range, standard deviation, variance, etc.; skewness and kurtosis; correlation and regression- scatter plots, lines of best fit, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients; Regression- bivariate and multivariate; Distributions- discrete and continuous; Normal distribution, sampling distribution; hypothesis testing – parametric vs. non-parametric tests, t-tests, ANOVA, Chi-square tests, run Test, sign tests, Wald- Walfowitz Test, Kursal Walis Test, Komogrov- Smirnov Test. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 37. Research Methodology in Tourism: Design, Data Collection & Analysis: Research and theory, types and methods of research; review of literature; variables and measurement, concepts, constructs and formulation of hypothesis; Sampling, methods of data collection, development of schedules and questionnaires, scales and fieldwork; Qualitative research: quantitative vs. qualitative research; techniques- Grounded Theory, Ethnography, Case method of research, Content Analysis, Phenomenology, Narrative research, mixed methods; Analysis, tools- Factor analysis, discriminant analysis, conjoint analysis, multiple regression, etc.; Report writing, types of report. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 38. Management Principles & Functions in Organizations: Managerial processes, functions, skills, and roles in organization, Systems, contingency and operational approaches to management; External and internal environment affecting managerial decisions – social responsibilities of business – evolution of management thought; functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 39. Organizational Behaviour, Dynamics & Structure: Understanding & Managing Individual & Group Behaviour – Personality, Perception, Learning, Values & attitudes, persuasion, Theories of Motivation, Factors affecting group behaviour, group & individual dimensions, understanding work team, Communication, Leadership & influence process; Organization structure, centralization vs decentralization, strategy & structure, flat & tall structures, work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control and formalization; Common organizational designs - Simple, bureaucratic, matrix, virtual, boundary less, feminine – Organization as an open system & influence of environment over organizational dynamics with reference to technological innovations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 40. Financial Accounting, Management & Legal Framework in Tourism: Basic Accounting Records and Books of Accounts, Double Entry System, Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance, Cash Book, Depreciation Accounting, Final Accounts with Adjustments; Hotel Accounting, Financial management, Concept of raising funds, capital structure, capital budgeting, Internal financial control- meaning, problems unique to hospitality industry, Establishing cost standard, Types of budget, preparation of budget, and zero based budgeting, working capital Management, cash management; Opportunities and challenges for investments in hotel, aviation & Tourism related sectors, Role of TFCI and other financial organizations; Elements of Contract Act – Breach of Contact – Performance of Contract – Indemnity & Guarantee – Bailment - Consumer Protection Act. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management)

Archeology Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Archeology Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Introduction to Archaeology: Definition; aims, scope and ethics of archaeology; history and growth of Archaeology, and History of Indian archaeology; Relationship of archaeology with social and natural sciences. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 2. Archaeological Data Management: Type and nature of archaeological data; Retrieval of archaeological data: Methods of explorations and excavations (Random and systematic prospections; subsurface investigations using modern techniques such as remote sensing, resistivity surveys); Recording and documentation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 3. Artefact Analysis and Interpretation: Methods of artefact analysis: categorization, classification and characterization; Methods of interpretation and related issues: Application of sociological and anthropological models: Ethnography and experimental replication studies; Traditional, Processual and Post-Processual approaches. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 4. Reporting and Preservation: Preparation of archaeological reports; Conservation and preservation of archaeological remains/sites: Aims and Methods; Antiquarian laws. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 5. Chronology and Dating Methods: Encompassing Relative dating: Cultural stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, typology, Fluorine, Nitrogen and Phosphate analysis; Soil analysis, and Chronometric methods: Radiocarbon (C14), Potassium/Argon, Fission track, Luminescence dating (TL and OSL), Dendrochronology, Palaeomagnetic dating Varve analysis, ESR dating, Obsidian hydration, Cosmogenic nuclides method of dating. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 6. Introduction to Prehistory: Prehistoric beginning encompassing geological, biological and cultural dimensions of humans; Human origin and Geological time scale covering Late Tertiary (Miocene and Pliocene) and Quaternary Periods; Plio-Pleistocene boundary, Paleomagnetic records, Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 7. Pleistocene Environment and Biostratigraphy: Major environment and climatic changes of Pleistocene; Pleistocene and Marine Isotopic Stages (MIS); Biostratigraphy of the Pleistocene, including Pleistocene flora and Fauna. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 8. Human Evolution and Dispersal: Main stages of human evolution and important fossil records: Hominin ancestors of the Late Miocene, Pliocene and the Pleistocene, specifically Pre-Australopiths, Australopiths and Homo; alongside Hypotheses on modern human dispersal. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 9. Prehistoric Lithic Technologies: The Cultural backdrop to prehistory: Evolution of stone implements and development of lithic technologies, including The Oldowan, Acheulian and the Flake and Blade based industries of the Stone Age. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 10. Global Palaeolithic Developments and Art: Palaeolithic cultural development in the world context focusing on Africa, Europe and South East Asia and China; detailing Early Stone Age, Middle Stone Age and Late Stone Age of Africa; Lower Palaeolithic, Middle Palaeolithic and Upper Palaeolithic of Europe and West Asia; and Palaeolithic cultural developments in China and South East Asia, concluding with Prehistoric Art: antiquity, significance, distribution. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 11. Indian Stone Age Geo-chronology and Key Sites: Geo-chronology and Stone Age cultures of India, exemplified by The Sohan Valley and the Potwar Plateau sites in the Sivalik hills, The Belan and Son valleys, Didwana dune 16R in Rajasthan, Kortlayar valley/Attirampakkam in Tamilnadu and Jwalapuram in Andhra Pradesh. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 12. Indian Lower Palaeolithic Culture: Tool types and lithic technology; The Sohan industry and its antiquity; The Acheulian industry and its spread into major river valleys, with sites in the Narmada and the Sabarmati valleys, the Belan and the Son valley sites, sites in the Hunsgi and Baichabal valleys, sites in the Krishna and the Godavari valleys, sites in the Kortlayar valley; and sites associated with the Playas of Rajasthan. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 13. Indian Middle Palaeolithic Culture: Culture and geographical spread; Tool types and lithic technology of the Middle Palaeolithic, specifically the prepared core techniques/Levallois technique. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 14. Indian Upper Palaeolithic Culture and Art: The Upper Palaeolithic culture: Tool types and lithic technologies of the Upper Palaeolithic, including Blade and bone implements; its geographic distribution and major sites; and Prehistoric Art in the Indian context: Antiquity, significance and distribution. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 15. Mesolithic and Early Neolithic in Wider Context: Mesolithic in Europe and Epi-Palaeolithic developments in West Asia; coupled with an understanding of Neolithic and Food Production, focusing on the Neolithic stage in West Asia and China. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 16. Indian Mesolithic Culture and Adaptation: Mesolithic culture of the Indian subcontinent: Characteristic features; Tool types and micro-blade technology; regional variations in tool assemblages; Evidence of incipient stages of food production; and Patterns of ecological adaptation and distribution, including Sites in the alluvial plains, horseshoe lakes, coastal sites, sand-dune sites, sites in the plateaus and rock-shelter sites. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 17. Early Neolithic Cultures of the Indian Subcontinent: Beginning with Early farming communities of Baluchistan: Mehrgarh and Kili-Gul-Muhammad; Neolithic culture in Kashmir; and Neolithic culture in the Central Ganga and Vindhyan region: Koldihwa, Mahagara, Lahuradewa etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 18. Regional Neolithic Developments in India: Eastern Neolithic sites: Chirand, Chechar Senuwar, Kuchai, and Baidyapur, and the Neolithic culture of the North-Eastern region: Sarutaru, Selbalgiri, Daojali Hading, Marakdola; alongside Neolithic cultural development in the southern peninsular India: Sanganakallu, Pikhlihal, Uttnur, Kodekal, Teklakota, Hallur, Nagarjunakonda and Ash-mound sites. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 19. Proto-history and Harappan Formative Stages: Proto-history considerations: Courses towards urbanization focusing on The Harappa culture; its Formative stages: Emergence of village farming/ Chalcolithic settlements and beginning of regional cultures in the North and North-Western India and Pakistan; and Contemporary developments in the Gagghar- Saraswati system and in Gujarat (Pre-Urban /Pre and Early Harappan cultural development). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 20. Urban Harappan Emergence and Characteristics: Early Harappan phase and the emergence of the Urban Harappan cultural ethos; Urban Harappan characteristics: geographical spread; settlement features; town planning and architecture; and Economic production: the urban-rural dichotomy, agriculture and craft production. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 21. Urban Harappan Society, Trade, and Sites: Urban Harappan society: Trade and subsistence; standardisation of craft and the Harappan script, evidence of overseas contacts; Socio-political organization; art and evidence of religious beliefs; Authors?; and Important excavated sites: Mohanjodaro, Harappa, Kalibangan, Lothal, Dholavira, Surkotada, Banawali, Rakhigarhi, Bagasra, Rojdi, Rangpur. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 22. Harappan Regional Variations and Decline: Regional variations within the Harappan material culture: the concept of Sorath and Sindhi/Classical Harappan in Gujarat; Post-Urban Harappan phenomena: Decline of the Urban Harappan, including causes of decline and different theories on decline; and the Post-Urban phase with evidence from the Indus valley, Gagghar-Saraswati system and from Gujarat (Post-Urban or Late Harappa cultures of Sindh, Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat and Western Uttar Pradesh). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 23. Other Chalcolithic Cultures of India: The Copper Hoard and Ochre Coloured Pottery; Chalcolithic cultural remains in the Ganga plain; The Banas/Ahar cultural developments in southern Rajasthan and its antiquity and distribution; The Kayatha assemblage of Madhya Pradesh; The Malwa culture of the Narmada valley and its geographic distribution; and Chalcolithic cultures of the Deccan region (Savalda, Malwa, Jorwe cultures). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 24. Indian Iron Age and Early Evidence: The Iron Age and growth of new urban centres: Antiquity of Iron in India, covering Early stages of Iron Age, and new evidence from Malhar, Dadupur, Raja Nal-ka-tila, Hallur, Kumaranahalli and Kodumanal. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 25. Key Iron Age Potteries: Painted Grey Ware culture: Extent, and Chronology and characteristic traits; and Northern Black Polished Ware culture: Extent, chronology and characteristic traits. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 26. Peninsular Indian Iron Age and Megalithic Culture: Iron Age in Peninsular India: The Megalithic culture in peninsular India and beyond, detailing its Geographical spread, typology, chronological contexts, cultural artefacts and authors of Megalithic tradition. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 27. Early Historic Urbanization and Sites: The beginning of Early Historic period and the emergence of Urban centres in the Ganga Valley and Peninsular India; Multiple modes of economic production, expansion of trade and development of trade routes, Maritime trade, and the emergence of new Urban centres including Important city sites: Rajghat, Ujjain, Vaisali, Taxila, Mathura, Sravasti, Kausambi, Sisupalgargh etc., and Important sites of Historical period: Sringaverpura, Ahichhatra, Atiranjikhera, Hasthinapur, Khairadih, Chandarketugarh, Nasik, Adam, Satanikota, Nagarjunakonda, Arikamedu, Kodumanal, Pattanam. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 28. Architecture as Historical Source: Stupa and Rock-cut: Architecture as a significant source of Indian history; The Stupa architecture: Structural Stupas encompassing Origin and development, and North and South Indian stupas; and the Development of Rock-cut architecture: Origin and Development covering Buddhist Brahmanical and Jain traditions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 29. Temple Architecture: Styles and Examples: Origin and development of temples, Main features of the temple architecture, features and development of distinct architectural styles of Nagara, Vesara, Dravida and Bhumija temples; specific examples including Gupta, Chalukyan, Pallava and Rashtrakuta temples, and Regional styles such as Khajuraho temples, Temples of Odisha and Chola temples. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 30. Indian Sculptural Art Traditions: Sculptural Art in Stone and Bronze: Antiquity and development, featuring The Mauryan pillar capitals, early Yaksha-Yakshi images, Shunga, Western Kshatrapa, Satvahana sculptures; the Kushana sculptures: Mathura and Gandhara Schools; Gupta sculptures: Saranath school; and Chalukya, Pallava; Pala, Chandela, Chola and Hoysala sculptures. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 31. Iconography, Terracotta Art, and Paintings: Iconography covering Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Kartikeya, Ganesha, Surya, Shakti, Tirthankara (Rishabh dev, Parshvanath and Mahavira), Buddha, Bodhisattva and Tara; Terracotta Art from Mauryan to the Gupta period; and Paintings, specifically Rock-cut cave paintings: Ajanta, Bagh and Sittanavasal. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 32. Epigraphy and Scripts: Epigraphy as a source of Indian history: Origin and antiquity of writing in India; and Origin and development of Brahmi and Kharosthi scripts, including Various theories. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 33. Selected Inscriptions (Part 1): Asokan Edicts: Rock Edicts II, X, XII, XIII; Lumbini inscription of Asoka; Minor rock edict of Bairat; Besnagar Garuda pillar inscription; Hathigumpha inscription of Kharvela; and Ushavadata inscription in Nasik cave (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 10. 34. Selected Inscriptions (Part 2): Junagadh inscription of Rudradaman; Nasik cave III inscription of Vasishtaputra Pulmavi Year 19; Swat relic casket inscription; Saranath Buddha image inscription; Lucknow museum Jain image inscription of the time of Huviska; and Allahabad pillar inscription of Samudragupta. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 35. Selected Inscriptions (Part 3): Bhitri inscription of Skandagupta; Aihole pillar inscription of Pulkesin II; Gwalior inscription of Mihir Bhoja; Khalimpur copper plate of Dharmpala; Sanjan copper plate of Amoghavarsha; Mandsor inscription of Yeshovaran; Truvalangad copper plates of Rajendra Chola year 6 and Sangli copper plate of Govinda IV; and Tharsapalli copper plates. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 36. Numismatics: Origins and Coin Manufacturing: Coins as an important source of history; Origin and antiquity of coinage in ancient India; and Technique/Methods of manufacturing coins using Silver, copper, gold and alloys. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 37. Types of Ancient Indian Coins: Main type of coins: Punch marked coins, inscribed and un-inscribed cast coins; Janpada and tribal coins; and Indo-Greek coins. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 38. Major Dynastic Coinage and Early Medieval Coins: Saka-Kashtrapa, Kushana and Satavahana coinage; Coins of the Gupta dynasty; Roman coins; and a Brief account of Early Medieval Indian coinage. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 39. Methodology of Archaeological Research: Foundations: Role and characteristics of research, research ethics, methods of research; case studies and field investigations; Hypothesis formulation and research design. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology) Chpater 40. Archaeological Research: Data Management and Presentation: Data collection and processing: Primary and secondary sources, use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in archaeological research; Methods of systematic referencing; and Systematic presentation of data and results. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Archaeology)

Indian Knowledge System Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Indian Knowledge System Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Caturda?a vidy?sth?na-s: The 14 branches of learning in ancient India, encompassing pur??a, ny?ya, m?m??s?, and dharma??stra, along with introductory information on them and on ??stra-s. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 2. The Six Ved??ga-s: ?ik??, vy?kara?a, nirukta, chanda, jyoti?a, and kalpa, including their names, objectives, scientific nature, and some details, covering phonetics and grammar, and the scientific nature of pronunciation of sa?sk?ta and other Indian languages. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 3. Veda-s and Pur??a-s: The four Veda-s (?gveda, yajurveda, s?maveda, and atharvaveda) and Upaveda-s with introductory information on them; The 18 pur???sa-s, their names, and the five general characteristics of pur??a-s: sarga, pratisarga, va??a, manvantara, and va???nucarita. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 4. Indian Philosophical Systems (Part b Introduction & Dar?ana-s): Introduction to the subject of Indian Philosophical Systems part (b), including texts, authors, and their contribution to Indian preaching on dharma, artha, and Society; N?stika dar?ana: c?rv?ka, jaina, and bauddha dar?ana; ?stika dar?ana: ny?ya-vai???ika, s??khya and y?ga, p?rvam?m??s? and uttaram?m??s? (v?d?nta). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 5. Ancient Indian Gurukula System: A study of n?land?, tak?a?il?, vikrama?il?, valabh?, ?dantapur?, mithil?, k?nc?, n?diy?, pu?pagiri, n?g?rjunak????, ??rad?p??ha (k??m?ra), ujjain, jagaddala aura s?mapura. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 6. Tarka??stra (Logic and Epistemology): Pram??a-s, including pratyak?a, anumana, upam?na, ?abda, arth?patti, and anupalabdhi; Concepts of pram?t?, pram??a, prameya, and pram?; and the principles of sv?ta?prama?ya and parata? pram??ya. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 7. Linguistic Philosophy in Tarka??stra: The powers of words: abhidh?, lak?a??, vyañjan?, t?tparya; Concepts of cause and fallacies: Hetu-lak?a?a and hetvabh?sa lak?a?a; and the Pa?ca adhikara?a System: vi?aya, sa??aya, p?rvapak?a, uttarapak?a, and sa?gati. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 8. Dharma, Artha, and Puru??rtha-s: Indian preaching on Dharma, artha and Society; The four puru??rtha-s: dharma, artha, k?ma, and mok?a, with definitions of each; The meaning of dharma, its root and derivation, and definitions and meanings from various texts (mah?bh?rata, manusm?ti, vai?e?ika s?tra). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 9. Aspects of Dharma and Artha: Types of dharma: k?mya, nitya, ni?iddha, naimittika, pr?ya?cita & up?san?; The meaning of the word artha as a puru??rtha, its root, derivation, and meaning. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 10. Societal Outlook and Well-being: Societal outlook for t?rthay?tr?, festivals, saptapur?, 12 jyotirlinga-s, and the unity of India; Ways as advocated in IKS texts for happiness and wellbeing of all, including the concept of svasthav?tta. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 11. Key Texts - Bhagavadg?t?, R?m?ya?a, Mah?bh?rata: Bhagavadg?t? chapter no. 16 on daiv? and ?sur? sa?pat; R?m?ya?a: Rama’s qualities as noted in v?lm?ki r?m?ya?a, mary?d?puru?ottama Rama, and the study of kaccit sarga with delineation of meaning in view of kingdom administration; Mah?bh?rata as a storehouse of knowledge, and viduran?ti with its significant preaching on r?ja dharma. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 12. Artha??stra and Statecraft: Artha??stra, its significance, and a broad introduction to subjects dealt in artha??stra; Cultural underpinnings of modern statecraft such as yogak?ema (welfare measures of polity-policy), sapt??ga (Seven limbs of State), ?a?gu?a (Six Measures of statecraft), r?ja dharma (Duty of a King), r?jaman?ala (Circle of kings), and dharma (Order) mooted in the artha??stra. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 13. Indian Languages and Literature: Indian Languages and their pronunciation system; Sanskrit Language and its Relation to Indian languages; The impact of Sanskrit literature on Indian languages for literary compositions; Literary masterpieces of Indian languages and their translations into World languages and names of their translators. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 14. Measures of Time in Ancient India: Divisions of time in veda: Year, Months and days, Names of the 13 months in Taittir?ya-Br?hma?a, the names of 12 half-months, Lunar year of 354 days, Months and intercalary months; General time measures, Modes of reckoning time: Lunar day, Solar day, Solar year, Lunisolar year, Civil day. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 15. Conversion of Eras: The methods for conversion of eras: ?aka to kali, ?aka to Jovian years, vikramasamvat to Kali, and Kollam year to Kali. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 16. Indian Calendrical Systems (Pañc??ga): Pañc??ga: The five elements of the calendar and their computations: Nak?atra, Tithi, Yoga, Kara?a and V?ra; Nak?atra of the Sun, Solar Calendar, Vikramasa?vat and ??liv?hana-sa?vat – National Calendar (r???r?ya dinadar?ik?). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 17. Planetary Positions from Siddh?ntik Texts: Computation of Aharga?a from ?ryabha??ya, Revolution number of the planets in a Mah?yuga, Finding the Mean longitude of the planets, Mandasa?sk?ra, ??ghrasa?sk?ra, and True longitudes of the planets. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 18. Evolution of Planetary Models and Ayan???a: The evolution of Planetary model from ?ryabha?a to N?laka??ha (Quasi-heliocentric model); Various algorithms to determine ayan???a. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 19. Planetary Positions from Kara?a and V?kya Texts: Obtaining planetary positions using simplified algorithms given in Kara?a texts such as Kara?akut?hala, Grahal?ghava etc.; Candrav?kyas of Vararuci and M?dhava and Error-Correction procedure for them; Obtaining the longitudes of the Sun and the Moon using the V?kya system; Importance of M?sav?kyas, Sa?kr?nti-v?kyas and Nak?atra-v?kyas. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 20. Scope of Indian Health and Well-being Systems: ?yurv?d?, siddha, y?ga, Folk, and Tribal Medical Practices; Folk and classical streams of medical knowledge in India: folk and tribal medicine – 8000 plants, home remedies, primary health care, bone setting, traditional birth attendants, poison healers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 21. ?yurveda - Foundations and Features: Historical development and milestones of ?yurveda, personalities, textual sources, regional traditions; Application of Pram??as in ?yurveda for generation and validation of medical knowledge; Salient features – nature centric approach, person centric approach, body-mind medicine, pharmacopeia of plant, animal, and mineral sources, multi-ingredient formulations and dosage forms, multipronged approach to treatment – lifestyle, diet, and medicine, healthy aging. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 22. ?yurveda - Core Concepts and Practices: Foundational concepts of ?yurveda - Do?adh?tumalasiddh?nta; Definition of health (svastha), daily routine (dinacary?), seasonal routine (?tucary?), good conduct (Sadv?tta); Definition and classification of diseases – ?dhidaivika, ?dhyatmika, ?dhibhautika, sevenfold classification; Scope and variety of treatments in ?yurveda; Eight clinical specialties of ?yurveda; Current status of ?yurveda in India and the World. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 23. Siddha System of Medicine: Historical development and milestones of Siddha, personalities, textual sources; Foundational concepts – Trido?a; Pulse diagnosis; Varma treatment; Herbo-mineral formulations; Concept of health and disease, Preventive Medicine; Approaches to management of diseases; Current status of the siddha system of medicine in India and the world. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 24. Yoga for Health and Wellness: Historical development and milestones of Yoga, personalities, textual sources; Definition of yoga; Yoga as therapy for health and wellness; A????ga yoga; Health benefits of ?sanas; Health benefits of Pr???y?ma; Health benefits of Meditation; Yogic methods of cleansing the body – ?a?karmas; Application of yoga as therapy in the modern world. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 25. Early Indian Architecture: Indus Valley civilisation: Urban planning - Dholavira; Hindu Temple Architecture: – elementary concepts of nagara, dravi?a and vesar? style temples; Brief knowledge of Ancient and medieval structures of India: buddh? and jaina temples - udayagiri – s??c? - s?ran?tha –n?land?. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 26. Diverse Temple Architectures of India: Rock and Cave temples- el?phai??? - j?ge?var? - aja?t? and ellor?; him?laya? Temples-ked?ran?tha -tu?g?ma?ha –j?ge?vara - b?le?vara; Ancient and medieval temples: mu??e?var? dev? temple- da??vat?ra vi??u temple, ?ogaraha - khajur?ho temples- li?gar?ja temple, bhubane?vara - ?er?ko?? temple, vi??upura- temples of b?d?m?, Aihole (c?luky?na temples)-k??c? and mah?bal?puram temples- c?la temples, Sun temples-k???rka, m??h?r?, ka??ramala (alm???) and m?rta??a (ana?tan?ga) (only the elementary knowledge of architecture style, period and Deity). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 27. Water Management and V?stu ??stra: Ancient and medieval Indian Water storage and harvesting systems: - kallana? dam- a?al?ja stepwell, ???k? techniques of Rajasthan - ?h?ra p??na of Bihar; Fundamentals of v?stu ??stra (only elementary concept). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 28. Geometry in ?ulbas?tras and Decimal System: Geometry in ?ulbas?tras: expression for the surds given in ?ulbas?tra texts, Methods for obtaining a perpendicular bisector, Construction of perpendicular bisector: cord-folding method, Bodh?yana method of constructing a square, The Bodh?yana-Pythagorean theorem; Decimal place value system: Numbers in veda, enumeration of big numbers (koti to mahaaugh, akshauhini and other named numerals) from traditional literature, Three different systems of numerations: ?ryabha?an, Bh?tasa?khy? and Ka?apay?di systems. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 29. Arithmetic, Trigonometry (?ryabha??ya) and Brahmagupta: Arithmetic and Trigonometry in ?ryabha??ya and its further development: Square root and cube-roots, ?ryabha?a’s Sine-Table, Its modification in Tantrasa?graha, M?dhava series for Sine and Cosine functions, Different methods to obtain sine values from Kara?apaddhati; Brahmagupta: Mathematics of positive, negative and zero, Solution of linear and quadratic equations, Cyclic Quadrilateral. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 30. L?l?vat? and Ku??aka: L?l?vat?: Arithmetical operations: Inversion method, rule of supposition, Solution of quadratic equations, Mixtures, Combinations, progressions, Plane figures: application of right triangles, S?c? problems, Construction of a quadrilateral, cyclic quadrilaterals, value of ?, area of a circle, surface area of a sphere, volume of a sphere; Ku??aka and continued fractions: Ku??aka method by ?ryabha?a and Brahmagupta, Vallyupasa?h?ra and Continued fraction, Vallyupasa?h?ra Method I and II from Kara?apaddhati, Nearest-integer continued fraction in D?kkara?a. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 31. Kerala School of Mathematics: M?dhava series for ?; End-correction (Antyasa?sk?ra); Different fast convergent series for ?, Putumana-Somay?j? series; N?laka??ha on the irrationality of ?; N?laka??ha and the notion of the sum of infinite geometric series. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 32. Ancient Indian Chemical Theories: S??khya-P?tañjala system: (Prak?ti – The original constituents and their interactions; conservation of energy and transformation of energy; the doctrine of causation; principle of collocation, storing and liberation of energy; dissipation of energy and mass and their dissolution into formless prak?ti, the evolution of matter; the evolution of infra-atomic unit; chemical analysis and synthesis; elements and compounds); Chemistry in the medical schools of ancient India: Physical characteristics of the Bh?tas, The Mah?bh?t?s, mechanical mixtures, Qualities of compounds; formation of molecular properties in chemical compounds, Chemistry of colors, measures of weight and capacity, size of the minimum visible. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 33. Atomic Theories and B?hatsa?hit? Chemistry: Evolution of different forms of matter (Pañc?kara?a) from the Vedantic view; The atomic theory of the Buddhists and Jains; Ny?ya Vaise?ika chemical theory: theory of atomic combinations; chemical combinations, mono and hetero bhautika compounds, theory of dynamic contact (Vi??ambha), chemical action and heat, three axes of V?caspati (graphical representation of the constitution of a bibhautika compound), conception of molecular motion (parispanda); Ideas of chemistry as in B?hatsa?hit?: making of vajr? lepa/vajrasamgh?ta; ga?dhayukti. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 34. Metallurgy and Chemical Practices: Metallurgical heritage: Artha??stra as the earliest text describing gold, silver and other metals; processing of gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, mercury, lead and zinc as mentioned in the Indian texts in the ancient and medieval period; Zinc distillation as mentioned in Ras?r?ava and Rasaratnasamuccaya; Concepts of acid and bases in Indian chemistry from organic fruit, vegetable based Acids, plant-ash based bases to mineral acids of the medieval period. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 35. Life Sciences Scope and Agro-horticulture: Scope: k?atriya, m?gayurveda, p?ka??stra, pavitra upavana; K??i??stra, v?k??yurveda: Historical development and milestones, personalities, textual sources - upavana vin?da, K??ipar??ara, B?hat Samhit?, K??i G?ta; Recreational Gardens; Agriculture in ancient India; Plant diseases and their management; Pest control, manures for plants, plant grafting techniques. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 36. M?g?yurveda and P?ka??stra: M?g?yurveda: Historical development and milestones, personalities, textual sources - P?lak?pyasa?hit?, Gaj?yurveda, ??lihotrasa?hit?, A?v?yurveda, M?gapak?i??stra; Classification and description of animals; Diagnosis and treatment of diseases; P?ka??stra: Historical development and milestones, personalities, textual sources – P?kadarpa?a, Bhojanakut?hala, K?emakut?hala, Pathy?pathyavini?caya; Concept of a balanced diet; Sources and classification of food; Healthy and unhealthy combinations of foods; Healthy and balanced recipes; Methods of cooking; Customizing food according to place, seasons, and constitution of the individual; Eight factors to be considered to create a balanced diet; Right methods of eating; Unhealthy food habits. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 37. Sacred Groves, Social Forestry, and Medicinal Plants: Sacred groves: tulas?, sandalwood, ?am?, Ark, pal??a, khadira, devad?ru, Betel nut, Coconut, Banana etc.; About social forestry –benefits from leaves, fruits from plantation – as mentioned in famous texts like n?mba (neem), ?mra, (Mango), Milk-tree-panasa (Jackfruit), a?vatth?, fig or gular, pakar (Ficus lacor) bagar??a; tamarind, kapittha, bilv? ,a?ok? amalaka, punn?ga , ?i??ap? , saptapar?a , saptara?g?, the fruit of planting these plants-general description; ?yurvedika medicine herbs, trees and plants-arjuna, candana (sandalwood), ?am?, ark, pal??a, khadira, devad?ru, ku?aja , ingud?, u??ra -gh?sa, vi?amu??i-general description. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 38. Performing Arts - Dance and Drama Foundations: Introduction to bharata muni n??ya??stra & abhinaya darpa?a; Description of navaras?; An account of the eight classical dances of India (bharatan??yam, mohin?a??am, kathakal?, kucipu??, katthaka, o?is?, ma?ipur? and satr?ya); Influence of g?t? govi?d?, The r?m?ya?a and The mah?bh?rata on Indian dance and Indian paintings (madhuban?, pa?acitra, pah???, k??ga??). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 39. Music, Folk Arts, and Regional Theatre: Classification of Indian classical music (hi?dust?n? and Carnatic), Major styles associated with hi?dust?n? classical music (dhrupada, khy?la, tar?n?) and Carnatic Music (var?amasa and kri?isa); An overview of the t?la system and laya; Introduction to the term folk, tribal and modern art forms of India; A general overview on the socio-economic background of the practiced folk, tribal, traditional, ritualistic performances (dance, music, storytelling and theater); Introduction to regional theatrical practice- k??iy???ama, yak?ag?n?, chau, j?tr?, laihar?ob?, theyyama, ??kie n?ta, pa??av?n?, ci?d? bhagavat?, bh???a, ja?na and others. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System) Chpater 40. Puppetry, UNESCO Recognition, and Musical Evolution: Impact of traditional texts on art forms; Classification of Indian puppetry (ka?aputal?, ?hol? bomlat?, r?va?a ch?y?, tolp?vak?th?), influence of pa?cata?trama on puppetry tradition; An account of the art forms and cultural festivals of India that are represented in the UNESCO’s ICH list and the significance of this nomination process; Application of Ka?apay?di in malakart? r?ga nomenclature; introduction to the evolutionary stages from Catu?da??i to current day concert paddhati in Carnatic music. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Indian Knowledge System)

Sociology Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Sociology Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Exploring Classical Sociological Traditions with Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Karl Marx. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 2. Understanding Structure-Functionalism, featuring Bronislaw Malinowski, A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, Talcott Parsons, Robert K. Merton, and Structuralism with Claude Levi Strauss. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 3. Delving into Hermeneutic and Interpretative Traditions including G.H. Mead, Karl Manheim, Alfred Schutz, Harold Garfinkel, Erving Goffman, and Clifford Geertz. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 4. Analyzing Post Modernism, Post Structuralism and Post Colonialism (Edward Said, Pierre Bourdieu, Michel Foucault, Jurgen Habermas, Anthony Giddens, Manuel Castells) alongside contributions of Indian Thinkers: M.K. Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, Radha Kamal Mukherjee, G. S. Ghurye, M.N. Srinivas, Irawati Karve. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 5. Conceptualizing Social Reality: Philosophy of Science, Scientific Method and Epistemology in Social Science, Hermeneutic Traditions, Objectivity and Reflexivity in Social Science, incorporating Ethics and Politics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 6. Formulating Research Design: Reading Social Science Research, Data and Documents, understanding Induction and Deduction, Fact, Concept and Theory, and defining Hypotheses, Research Questions, Objectives. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 7. Employing Quantitative and Qualitative Methods: Ethnography, Survey Method, Historical Method, and Comparative Method. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 8. Mastering Techniques: Sampling, Questionnaire and Schedule, Statistical Analysis, Observation, Interview and Case study, including Interpretation, Data Analysis and Report Writing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 9. Understanding Sociological Concepts: Social Structure, Culture, Network, Status and Role, Identity, Community, Diaspora, Values, Norms and Rules, Personhood, Habitus and Agency, Bureaucracy, Power and Authority. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 10. Examining Social Institutions: Marriage, Family and Kinship, Economy, Polity, Religion, Education, Law and Customs. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 11. Analyzing Social Stratification: Social Difference, Hierarchy, Inequality and Marginalization, Caste and Class, Gender, Sexuality and Disability, Race, Tribe and Ethnicity. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 12. Studying Social Change and Processes: Evolution and Diffusion, Modernization and Development, Social Transformations and Globalization, Social Mobility. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 13. Rural and Peasant Society: Caste-Tribe Settlements, Agrarian Social Structure and Emergent Class Relations, Land Ownership and Agrarian Relations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 14. Dynamics in Rural Society: Decline of Agrarian Economy, De-Peasantization and Migration, Agrarian Unrest and Peasant Movements, Changing Inter-Community Relations and Violence. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 15. Urban Society: Urbanism, Urbanity and Urbanization, Towns, Cities and Mega-Cities, Industry, Service and Business. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 16. Urban Social Fabric: Neighbourhood, Slums and Ethnic Enclaves, Middle Class and Gated Communities, Urban Movements and Violence. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 17. Political Processes in India: Tribe, Nation State and Border, Bureaucracy, Governance and Development, Public Policy concerning Health, Education and Livelihoods. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 18. Further Political Processes in India: Political Culture, Grass-root Democracy, Law and Society, Gender and Development, Corruption, and the Role of International Development Organizations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 19. Social Movements and Protests: Political Factions, Pressure Groups, and Movements based on Caste, Ethnicity, Ideology, Gender, Disability, Religion and Region. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 20. Dynamics of Protest and Civil Action: Civil Society and Citizenship, NGOs, Activism and Leadership, Reservations and Politics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 21. Fundamental Economic Concepts and Debates: Exchange, Gift, Capital, Labour and Market, alongside Mode of Production Debates, and Property and Property Relations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 22. State, Market, and Development Models: State and Market dynamics including Welfarism and Neoliberalism, Models of Economic Development, and issues of Poverty and Exclusion. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 23. Labour, Industry and Social Relations: Factory and Industry Systems, the Changing Nature of Labour Relations, Gender and Labour Process, and the intersection of Business and Family. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 24. Modern and Global Economic Forms: Digital Economy, E-Commerce, Global Business and Corporates, Tourism, and patterns of Consumption. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 25. Ecology, Technology and Knowledge Systems: Social and Cultural Ecology including Diverse Forms, Technological Change, Agriculture and Biodiversity, Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Ethno-Medicine. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 26. Environment, Gender, and Social Exclusion: Gender and Environment, Forest Policies, Adivasis and Exclusion, Ecological Degradation and Migration, and Water and Social Exclusion. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 27. Development Impacts and Community Responses: Development, Displacement and Rehabilitation, Disasters and Community Responses, Environmental Pollution, Public Health and Disability. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 28. Global Environmental Challenges and Activism: Climate Change and International Policies, and Environmental Movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 29. Theoretical Approaches and Power Dynamics in Family Studies: Structure-Functionalist, Alliance and Cultural perspectives on Marriage and Kinship, Gender Relations and Power Dynamics, Inheritance, Succession and Authority. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 30. Life Course, Sexuality and Emotions within Families: Gender, Sexuality and Reproduction, experiences of Children, Youth and Elderly, and the role of Emotions and Family. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 31. Evolving Family Structures and Systems: Emergent Forms of Family, Changing Marriage Practices, Changing Care and Support Systems, and Family Laws. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 32. Familial Challenges and Social Issues: Domestic Violence and Crime against Women, and the issue of Honour Killing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 33. Foundations of Technological Impact: History of Technological Development, Changing notions of Time and Space, Flows and Boundaries, and the concept of Virtual Community. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 34. Media, Governance, and Political Processes in the Digital Age: Media encompassing Print and Electronic, Visual and Social Media, E-Governance and Surveillance Society, and Technology and Emerging Political Processes. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 35. Societal Implications of Technological Advancement: State Policy, Digital Divide and Inclusion, Technology and Changing Family Relations, and Technology and Changing Health Systems. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 36. Technology's Role in Sustenance and Security: The relationship between Food and Technology, and the challenge of Cyber Crime. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 37. Core Cultural Elements and Economic Dimensions: Signs and Symbols, Rituals, Beliefs and Practices, Changing Material Culture, and Moral Economy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 38. Education, Religion, and Identity Formation: Education (Formal and Informal), Religious Organizations, Piety and Spirituality, Commodification of Rituals, Communalism and Secularism, Cultural Identity and Mobilization. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 39. Culture, Politics, Body and Aesthetics: Culture and Politics, Gender, Body and Culture, Art and Aesthetics, Ethics and Morality, and Sports and Culture. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology) Chpater 40. Intersections of Culture with Contemporary Life: Pilgrimage and Religious Tourism, Religion and Economy, Culture and Environment, and New Religious Movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Netsyllabus Sociology)

Visual Arts Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Visual Arts Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Introduction to Visual Arts (Part 1): The visual arts consist of creative expression that considers innovation and individuality as its primary determinants; Objects-of-art thus produced with great skill or accomplishment invariably gains a degree of (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 2. Introduction to Visual Arts (Part 2): In contemporary times visual art has moved beyond the singular discipline towards multi-media expressions that have even significantly transgressed the studio and gallery/museum as spaces and the market as its economic determinant; Thus, it now includes and incorporates the applied arts within it, while photography and digital modes are integrated into its world of postmodern practice; On the theoretical perspective, art history and criticism examines and analyses the past and present developments and innovations, providing a contextual awareness to studio-practice about the present and possible future(s), thus integrates all of the above into a holistic understanding of the discipline(s). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 3. UNIT I - Fundamentals & Composition: Fundamentals of visual art (line, shape, form, space, colour, texture, tonal values, perspective, design etc.); Understanding visual principles of composition (proportion, unity, harmony, rhythm, contrast, balance, foreshortening and emphasis etc.); Representation through two and three dimensions in visual art; Environmental, conceptual and perceptual aspects of art. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 4. UNIT II - Inter-relationship of Visual Arts: Various forms of visual arts and their inter-relationship with other modes of creative expression, e.g. performing art, cinema and literature. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 5. UNIT III - Traditional Mediums & Techniques: Knowledge of traditional medium, materials and techniques, and their application in all disciplines of visual expression – e.g. carving and casting processes; handling of 2 colour/pigment (impasto, glazing, etc.); intaglio/relief print; fresco; preparation of ground for murals, preparation of wasli for miniatures, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 6. UNIT IV - Modern Techniques & Contemporary Practices: Developments in modern techniques, processes and procedures and their application in contemporary visual practices (installation; multi-colour print; computer-aided design – vector & rector; multimedia and digital technologies in art; trompe l’oeil illusory hyperrealism etc.). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 7. UNIT V & VI - Aesthetics, Art Appreciation & Western Art History: The study of Indian and Western aesthetics and art appreciation; Study of chronological periods from prehistory to post-modern art and artists of the West, with a focus on the various movements that transformed its history. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 8. UNIT VII & VIII (Part 1) - Indian Art History & Contemporary Practices: Study of chronological periods and developments in Indian art from prehistory to the 19th century; Contemporary practices in Indian art during the 20th & 21st centuries with reference to art movements & major exponents. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 9. UNIT VIII (Part 2) & IX - Indian Visual Communication, Art Education & Asian Art: Modern concept of advertising, designing and visual communication; experimental modes in contemporary visual expression; development of art education in India from colonial (British) art schools till the present; The study of art in the Far East, South East and Central Asia and the ancient Near-East. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 10. UNIT X - Traditional, Folk & Tribal Practices: Understanding visual practices of traditional communities and their contemporary transformations – the ‘folk’, ‘tribal’ and craft practices in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 11. Elective I: Art History Principles & Methodology: Principles of Art Historical methodology – Formalism; Iconology; Semiotic analysis; Psychoanalytic method in Art History; Gestalt Theory of Visual Perception; impact of theories in class and gender on the discipline; Deconstruction and its transformative role for Art History; contemporary shifts towards a “New” Art History; art history as an evolving discipline in India from colonial period to post-Independent era; introduction of curatorial 3 practices – confluence of museum, gallery and art history; aesthetic theories and their relevance to art historical/critical analysis of the visual object. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 12. Elective I: Indian Iconography (Brahmanical): Antiquity of image worship in India and principles of iconometry; iconography and its development through Vedic to Brahmanical images: Indra, Surya, Agni, Varuna, Kubera, Yama, Ashta-dikpalas, Vishnu, Shiva, Shakti, the Saptamtrikas, Kartikeya, Ganesha, and river goddesses (Ganga and Yamuna) etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 13. Elective I: Buddhist & Jain Iconography: Buddhist iconography: the evolution of the Buddha image (including Dhyani Buddhas, Manushi Buddhas, etc.), Bodhisattva (Avalokiteshvara, Manjushri, Maitreya etc.), Tara, Kubera etc.; Jain iconography: Tirthankara (Adinath, Parshvanath, Neminath, Mahavira), Bahubali; Ambika, Saraswati, Yaksha and Yakshi (in the Jain context) etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 14. Elective I: Indian Sculpture (Pre-Modern): A comprehensive study of early Indian sculpture from Indus valley civilization to the post- Gupta period – dynasties like Maurya, Sunga, Satavahana, Kushana, Gupta, Pala-Sena, Chandela, Solanki, Parmar, Chalukya, Pallava, Rashtrakuta, Ganga, Chola, Hoysala, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 15. Elective I: Indian Architecture (Early, Stupas & Caves): Early Indian architecture (with reference to ancient literature and shilpa texts): Indus valley; Maurya Origin and development of the stupa: Bharhut, Sanchi, Sarnath and Amaravati; Evolution of rock-cut caves (Lomas-rishi, Khandagiri, Udaigiri, Bhaja, Karle, Kanheri, Ajanta, Elephanta, Ellora and Mamallapuram). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 16. Elective I: Indian Temple, Imperial & Modern Architecture: Evolution of temple architecture & their classification into Nagara, Dravida and Vessara categories: Gupta temples; Orissan developments (Parashurameshwara, Mukteshvara, Lingaraj and Konark); Chandella, Pratihar, Parmara and Solanki temple styles; Chalukyan, Rastrakuta and Hoysala temple architecture (including Virupaksha, Kaliashnatha in Ellora, Hoyasaleshvara; Pallava monolithic and structural temples; Chola temples; Martand Sun temple in Kashmir; Imperial architecture during Sultanate & Mughal rule: features of provincial Indo-Islamic architecture; Mughal architecture (Humayun’s Tomb, Fatehpur Sikari and Sikandra, Taj Mahal, Red Fort and Jama Masjid); Colonial & Modern architecture: Le Corbusier, Charles Correa, B.V. Doshi and others. 4. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 17. Elective I: Indian Painting (Pre-Modern): A comprehensive study of pre-historic painting, wall paintings at Ajanta and later mural tradition (Bagh, Badami, Ellora, Sittanvasal, Lepakshi, Kerala murals such as Mattancherry palace etc.); manuscript painting & the miniature traditions: Eastern and Western Indian manuscripts; Sultanate painting (the Chaurpanchasika and pre-Mughal schools), Mughal miniature painting from Akbar to Shah Jahan; Rajasthani miniature painting; Pahari miniature painting ; Deccani painting (Ahmednagar, Bijapur and Golconda). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 18. Elective I: Modern Indian Art: Modernity in Indian Art; Ravi Varma; E.B. Havell, A.K. Coomaraswamy, Stella Kramrisch, Abanindranath Tagore and the “Bengal School”; Nandalal Bose, Benodebehari Mukherjee and Ramkinkar Baij; Amrita Sher-Gil; Jamini Roy; the 1940s artists’ collectives: Calcutta Group (Kolkata), Progressive Artists Group (Mumbai), Delhi Shilpi Chakra (Delhi), Cholamandala Artists’ Village (Chennai); Indigenism and the trends in 1950s and 1960s; trends in abstraction since the 1970s; the 20th & 21st century contemporary trends towards globalization (including the introduction of installation, performance, digital/video etc.) with a study of select individual artists. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 19. Elective I: Western Art (Ancient to Romanticism): Overview of Western art from prehistory to the present: Prehistoric art, art in ancient Egypt, Aegean art, Greece and Rome; Early-Christian and Byzantine art; Romanesque and Gothic art; Renaissance painting and sculpture; Mannerism and Baroque painting and sculpture; Rococo, Neoclassicism and Romanticism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 20. Elective I: Western Art (Modern & Post-Modern Movements): Modern movements including Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impression, Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, Constructivism, Futurism, Dada and Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Op art, Pop art; Post-modern developments including, Minimal and Conceptual Art, Fluxus movement, Arte Povera, Body art, Land and Environment Art, Graffiti, Process art, Performance art, Installation, Neo-figuration, Happening, Feminist and Gay art. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 21. Elective I: Art of Ancient Near-East & Far East/Central/South-East Asia (Part 1 - Mesopotamia, Persia, China): Visual expression from ancient Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, Assyria); art in Achaemanid and Sassanian Persia; Introduction to cultural exchange between India and these ancient cultures and the emergence of distinctive visual expressions: ancient China (Shang, Zhou, and Han dynasties); Buddhist sculpture from upto Tang dynasty; Six Dynasties and Tang painting; Chinese landscape tradition from Song to Qing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 22. Elective I: Art of Far East/Central/South-East Asia (Part 2 - Japan, Tibet, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Java, Myanmar/Thailand): Japan (Haniwa pottery figures; Buddhist sculptures from Nara to Kamakura periods); late Heian and Kamakura painting including the Tale of Genji and the Heiji Monogatari Emaki scrolls; Japanese scroll painting in the Momoyama & Edo periods; ukiyo-e woodblock prints from the Edo period); Tibet (Buddhist icons and the thangka painting tradition); Nepal (Buddhist and Brahmanical sculptures and painting); Sri Lanka (sculpture and painting – including Sigiriya murals); Cambodia (sculpture and architecture, 5 especially Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom); Java (sculpture and architecture, including the Dieng plateau candi-s, the Borobudur stupa, and Prambanan complex); Buddhist art in Myanmar/Burma and Siam/Thailand etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 23. Elective I: Indian Folk and Tribal Art: Phad, Pichhwai and Kavad painting (Rajasthan); Pata painting in Bengal and Orissa; Madhubani/Mithila painting (Bihar), Warli painting (Maharastra), Pithora painting (Gujarat); Dhokra bronze casting; votive terracotta objects (including votive horses offered across various states in India); wood carving and wooden dolls (Kondapalli, Karnataka, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh); leather puppets (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka); traditional and modern textiles and functional objects (textiles of Banaras, Kanchipuram, Gujrat, Orissa, and the North-Eastern states; tie-and-dye fabrics; embroidery; kantha, Phulkari, Chamba rumal; metal-ware including Bidri, repousse, enamelling; jewellery including jade, beads etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 24. Elective II: Drawing & Painting Aesthetics (Fundamentals & Indian): Fundamental elements of drawing and painting. Imagery in visual arts. Origin and development of art (visual). Classification of Arts. Conceptual and Visual reality. Relevance of study of aesthetics in painting: The early philosophical thoughts in Indian Culture. Nature and Function of Art in the society. Indian aesthetics: Concept of Ras-Sutra and its commentaries: The Theory of Rasa, Sadharanikarana, Dhvani, Alankara, Auchitya,etc; shilpa texts like the Chitrasutra of the Vishnudharmottara Purana, Shadanga from Yashodhara’s commentary on the Kamasutra, etc.; A.K. Coomaraswamy and Rabindranath Tagore’s contributions towards Indian aesthetics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 25. Elective II: Western Aesthetics (Theories & Philosophers): Theory of imitation and representation, catharsis (Plato and Aristotle). Aesthetical views of Kant, Hegel, Croce, Tolstoy, Baumgarten, Schopenhauer, Clive Bell, Roger Fry, I. A. Richards, Susanne Langer, Sigmund Freud, and George Santayana. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 26. Elective II: History of Indian Painting (Ancient to Company School): Prehistoric Paintings in India, Wall paintings of Ajanta, Bagh, Badami and Sittanavasal. Manuscript painting tradition Pala and Western Indian. Tradition of Miniature paintings: Pre-Mughal, Mughal, Rajasthani, Pahari (Basohli, Guler-Kangra and Garhwal) and Deccani painting (Ahmendagar, Bijapur & Golconda). Company School of painting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 27. Elective II: Modern Indian Painting & Trends: Advent of Modernism with Raja Ravi Varma, Bengal School: Abanindranath Tagore and his disciples, Nandalal Bose and his disciples. Breakthrough in Indian painting: Contribution of Amrita Sher-Gil. Progressive artist group – Bombay, Calcutta Group – Calcutta, Shilpi Chakra – Delhi, Chola mandala – Madras and Baroda School – Baroda. In Indian Art the Major trends of Indigenous since 1970, Contemporary painting and eminent artists: Impressionistic, Expressionistic, Abstraction, Decoration, Neo-Tantric, Figurative and Non-figurative, Surrealistic, Representational and Non-representational painting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 28. Elective II: Western Painting History (Comprehensive Overview): Prehistoric paintings of France and Spain. Egyptian, Aegean Art, Greece and Roman painting. Byzantine, Gothic, Renaissance, Mannerism, Baroque, Rococo, Neo- Classicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post Impressionism, Fauvism & Symbolism, Cubism, Futurism, Dada & Surrealism Expressionism, Abstract Expressionism, Op and Pop Art, Minimal Art & Post Modern Trends, New Media, Installation and Illusory Hyper Realism, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 29. Elective II: Drawing & Painting Material & Method: Application of Materials, Support in Painting (Canvas, Paper, Wall surface, Panels), Mix media. Oil painting and its technique – Traditional and Non-traditional. Techniques of Wall paintings – Traditional (Fresco Secco and Buono) and Modern. Water color painting, wash technique, pastel and crayon, Acrylic color, color preparation and technical aspect of pigments. Color theory and color harmony. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 30. Elective II: Art Schools & Art Education in India: The introduction of formal training in art through Colonial Art Schools, and the transition from Colonial understanding to Post-Independent art education in the art schools at Chennai, Kolkata, Lahore, Mumbai, Delhi, Lucknow, Jaipur; art promotion and education through art academies; rethinking institutional art education at Santiniketan and Baroda; role of art galleries and museums in art education; increase in curatorial venture as a collaboration between the museum, galleries and practicing artists and historians; role of art journals and magazines in the dialogue between viewing public and the artist. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 31. Elective III: Applied Art (Basics, Terminology & Typographic History): Elements & principles of design; The term ‘Graphic Design’ and William Addison Diggings; Basics of Graphic Design/Applied Art: Image and Text; Developing message to promote product. Terms and terminologies relevant to advertising Industry: Understanding of the ‘Portmanteau’ terms such as, Advertorials, Info graphics, Infomercials, Edutainment etc. Innovations and Movements History of advertising in India and rest of the world; Calligraphy, Advent of moveable types, Typefaces, fronts and families; Architecture and anatomy of letters; Classifications of types and size, Early Typographers and study of traditional hand writing and script like Indian manuscripts, Persian, Chinese, Japanese and Roman etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 32. Elective III: Printing Processes & Influential Design Movements: Development of printing processes in India and rest of the world: letterpress, gravure, silkscreen and Offset etc. Movements that influenced graphic design: Art Nouveau, The Art of War), The ISMs of Art: Futurism, Dada, De Stijl, & Constructivism, Art and Craft movement, Bauhaus movement and new typography, history of graphic design and the nature of advertising history, Illustrated Modernism & Psychedelia, New Wave and Post Modernism, Digital Expressionism & Postscript, The Digital Future. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 33. Elective III: Advertising Forms, Media, Posters & Cultural Frames: Print, outdoor, electronic and new media advertising; Media Options: newspapers and magazines, radio, TV and cinema, posters, Direct Mail, Ambient and Guerrilla advertising, digital and online advertising. Viral Advertising. Boom in Outdoor advertising: billboards and transits, innovative Materials and advantages. Emergence of Poster as a ‘new genre of art’: Study of posters with reference to Poland, Japan, UK and America and Bolshevik Russia. Placards and propagandas, Protest and Wartime posters, Subway culture. Cultural frames of advertising phases: Idolatry, Iconology, Narcissism, and Transition from ‘Totemism’ (the fourth cultural frame) to ‘Mise-en-Scene’ (Fifth Frame); Evolution from Traditional to Industrial to Consumer society & development of communications media. Future of advertising and advertising agencies. Blurring the lines between advertising and entertainment; The impact of Graphic Design with advance technology; Re-defining “Graphic design”; Attributes needed by the modern designers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 34. Elective III: Design Campaign, Packaging, Printing Processes & Corporate Advertising: Designing of logo, rebus, symbol, mark and corporate identity; stories behind the development of most well-known symbols/identities the world; Brands, rebranding and brand positioning; Precursors and prophets of advertising theories and principles; Designing events –Event Mascots and other global entertainments, films and festivals. Campaign planning and strategy: the client, market research, account planning, creative brief. Developing visuals and messages for print-ads, Direct Mail, posters, outdoor advertising, merchandising, show-windows and supermarket items (Point of sales / Point of Purchase items, dispensers, stands, stalls etc.) Media selection, Approaches& the target audience. Innovations in media. New technologies, TV graphics, multimedia presentation, web-page designing and understanding of rector and vector software; Internet – its use in advertising products and services, net marketing. Prepress, Printing presses, and Post-press: manipulations of pixels and resolutions, colour corrections, knowledge of computer-to-plate graphic reproductions, offset printing, Finishing and Converting. Additive and subtractive colours, four colour printing mechanics, Spot Colours and Lainations, UVs etc. Design of packaging, merchandising and novelties. Origin and growth of advertising agencies: Role and responsibilities of a Graphic designer. Creative core: Creative/Art Director, Visualizer, and Copywriter, interaction in developing concepts. World’s leading Advertising Corporates, Multinationals and Indian scenario: Indian Advertising Agencies with all India branches. Ad-Gurus or remarkable Ad-Men and epoch making advertising campaigns by them. Highest honours, Awards in the advertising creativity and extraordinary contribution. Famous designers of the world on branding and corporate identity design, Film titles. Interdisciplinary participation approach with disciplines of art, collaboration and internship with industries and corporates. Computers and its role in creating new visual effects (Photography, Digital Graphics, Film titles, Multimedia presentations, Image Editing, Web Graphics and types of online Advertising, Web page designing); Importance of market research in advertising. Print media vs. Electronic Media. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 35. Elective IV: Printmaking (Aesthetics, History, Relief & Intaglio Techniques): Understanding of fundamentals of visual art (space, form, size, shape, line, colour, texture, tonal values, perspective, design and aesthetic) in relation to print making. Understanding visual principles of composition (proportion, unity, harmony, rhythm, contrast, balance and emphasis). Reproduction of two dimensional identical prints. Knowledge of history, invention, development and definition of print making (Graphic Art) process, techniques and materials in Asia and Europe. Japanese woodcuts and important masters of Ukiyo-e School and works of masters such as Hokusai, Hiroshige, Utamaro etc. Print making as a mode of creative expression during 19th –20th century from book production to establishing of atelier/workshops, groups, experiments and influences on advertising. Relief techniques (wood-cut and lino-cut); Intaglio techniques (wood and metal engraving, etching – line, aquatint, soft ground, etc., dry-point, mezzotint). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 36. Elective IV: Printmaking (Surface, Stencil, Other Techniques, Materials & Western Masters): Surface printing (planography, offset, oleograph etc.), Stencil and serigraph; Other techniques- colography, chine-collé, monoprint, unique print, viscosity, digital imaging, mix medium etc. Knowledge on use of different kinds of mediums, materials and printing process used in print making (wood, lino, copper, zinc, plywood, stone, acrylic, paper, cardboard, gum, acids, chemicals, ink, resin, software, tools, machine, equipment etc.). Preparation of different types of surface from identification of material to designing till printing. Knowledge of works of master print makers and their contribution in development of printmaking from historic to modern like Durer, Rembrandt, Hogarth, Goya, Gauguin, Degas, Lautrec, Daumier, German expressionists (Kathe Kollwitz, Nolde, Heckel, Grosz, Munch etc.), Picasso, Pop and figurative artists (Rauschenberg, Lichtenstein, Jim Dine), David Hockney, Krishna Reddy, Peter Daglish, Stanley Jones, Paul Lingren, Carol Summers etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 37. Elective IV: Indian Printmaking & Contemporary Issues: Development of Printmaking in India, contribution and influence of British during colonial period, establishment of press and schools, popular printmaking in mid-19th century till pre independence. Print making trends in India post independence. Contribution of Indian print makers: Raja Ravi Varma, member of Vichitra club, Mukul Dey, Gangendranath Tagore etc. Santiniketan School, Nandalal Bose, Binode Behari Mukherjee, Ramkinkar, Biswarup Bose, Ramen Chakraborty, Haren Das, Somnath Hore, Chittaprasad, Jyoti Bhatt, Kanwal Krishna, Devyani Krishna, Y.K. Shukla, Vasant Parab, Jagmohan Chopra, Paramjeet Singh, Lalita Lajmi, Naina Dalal, Laxma Goud, R.B. Bhaskaran, R.M. Pallaniappan, Sanat Kar, Lalu Prasad Shaw, Amitabh Banerjee, Debraj Dakoji, Bhupen Khakhar, Waman Chincholkar, Paul Koli, Deepak Banerjee, Jai Zharotia, Prayag Jha, Rini Dhumal, Anupam Sud, Jayant Parikh, Kanchan Chander etc. Good quality prints - criteria (technically and aesthetically), conventions to identify the authenticity of prints – signature, editions, artists proof etc. Display - mounting and preservation of prints. Various issues related to the contemporary printmaking (mechanical production, computer graphics, influences of advertising, atelier, workshops and groups etc.). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 38. Elective V: Sculpture (Fundamentals, Aesthetics, History & Clay/POP Media): Fundamentals and elements of sculpture; origin and development of imagery in sculpture; classification of sculpture; sculptural form vis-a-vis conceptual reality. Relevance of the study of aesthetics for sculptural practice: the early philosophical ideas in India and the West; the role and function of sculpture in the society. History of sculpture in Western and Oriental traditions; traditional sculptural program as integral part of architectural structures such as churches, temples and secular buildings. Study of form, material, methods, and techniques relevant to sculptural practice; clarity of understanding of terminologies related to the art of sculpture. Study of varied media in sculptural practice: 1. Clay and wax: Preparation of natural clay for sculpture; modelling and casting with clay; terracotta & firing of clay; types of kilns; possibilities in the range of colours and pigments in ceramic works; two-dimensional and three-dimensional modes in clay sculptures; modelling and carving in wax. 2. Plaster of Paris (POP): History, chemical composition and physical nature of POP; advantages and disadvantages of working with POP; accelerating and retarding agents; surface treatment of POP; casting and carving in POP. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 39. Elective V: Sculpture (Wood, Stone & Metal Techniques): 3. Wood: Nature and varieties of wood; carving tools and methods of carving for sculpting in wood; seasoning and preservation of wood; finishing and staining of wood. 4. Stone: Origin of sculpting in stone; tools and equipment, methods and approach relevant to stone carving; treatment and preservation of stone against weathering. 5. Metal: History of metal sculptures; processes involved in the use of metal as medium for sculpture; physical properties and classification of metals as ferrous and non-ferrous, alloy, etc.; bronze as the primary sculptural metal; the Lost-wax method (cire-perdue); indigenous methods including “gravity casting”, “sand casting”, etc.; melting points of metals; surface treatment viz. anodising, oxidation and patination; welding and forging processes for working with metals; preservation of metal sculptures. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 40. Elective V: Sculpture (Assemblage, Installation, Monumental & Key Sculptors): Assemblage and Installation: History & background of mix-media; new hybrid forms of 1960’s and more recent developments; public sculptures; environmental art. Monumental sculpture: Scope, problems, limitations, concept and development; eminent exponents such as D.P. Roychowdhary, Ramkinkar Baij, Prodosh Dasgupta, Sankho Chaudhurai, Piloo Pochkhanawla, Chintamoni Kar, Sarbari Roy Chowdhury, Amarnath Sehgal, Dhanraj Bhagat, Kanayi Kunhiraman, M. Dharmani, Nagji Patel, Balbir Singh Katt. Contemporary Indian Sculptors: Combine indigenous knowledge with new materials and techniques; select individuals – B.C Sanyal, Somnath Hore, K.G. Subramanyan, Biman B. Das, Meera Mukherjee, Raghav Kaneria, Himmat Shah, Latika Katt, Jeram Patel, Ajit Chakraborty, Sushen Ghose, Satish Gujral, Ved Nayar, P.V Janakiram, Shiv Singh, Balan Nambiar, S. Nandgopal, Mahendra Pandya, Rajnikant Panchal, Mrinalini Mukherjee, K.S. Radhakrishnan, S. Nandgopal, Dhruva Mistri, Pritpal Singh Ladi, Anita Dube, Ravindra Reddy, N.N. Rimzon, Pushpamala N., Sudarshan Shetty, Subodh Gupta , Anish Kapoor, etc. Contribution of select modern & contemporary sculptors from the West: Honore Daumier, Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel, Paul Gauguin, Aristide Maillol, Antoine Bourdelle, Henri Matisse, Ernst Barlach, Constantin Brancusi, Pablo Picasso, Aleksandr Archipenko, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Jacques Lipchitz, Henri Laurens, Umberto Boccioni, Vladimir Tatlin, Naum Gabo, Sophie Tauber, Jean Arp, Max Ernst, Antoine Pevsner, Alexander Calder, Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth, David Smith, Louise Bourgeois, Isamu Noguchi, Alberto Giacometti, Cesar, Marino Marini, Lucio Fontana, George Segal, Claes Oldenburg, Anthony Caro, Tony Smith, Donald Judd, Carl Andre, Eva Hesse, Duane Hanson, Judy Chicago, Joel Schapiro, Barry Flanagan, Georg Baselitz, Jimmie Durham, Jeff Koons, Kiki Smith. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts)